--- title: The cave bear was bigger than a brown bear and mostly ate plants; th… — Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, g… · tree and pragmatics description: The cave bear was bigger than a brown bear and mostly ate plants; the giant deer called the Irish elk had antlers about 3.5 metres across, grown new each year, and was neither only Irish nor really an elk. Who acts: cave bear, giant deer. A sentence of the lesson «Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sa --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/) / 14 # Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground sloths and woolly rhinos, sentence 14 The cave bear was bigger than a brown bear and mostly ate plants; the giant deer called the Irish elk had antlers about 3.5 metres across, grown new each year, and was neither only Irish nor really an elk. **Who acts:** cave bear, giant deer · **What happens:** be, eat, call, have, grow · **To what, where:** plants, Irish elk, antlers · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground sloths and woolly rhinos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cave bear, giant deer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants.lesson:14 # text = The cave bear was bigger than a brown bear and mostly ate plants; the giant deer called the Irish elk had antlers about 3.5 metres across, grown new each year, and was neither only Irish nor really an elk. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 cave cave NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 bear bear NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 5 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 0 root _ _ 6 than than ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 brown brown ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 bear bear NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 mostly mostly ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 12 ate eat VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 13 plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 giant giant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 deer deer NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 18 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 acl _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 Irish Irish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 elk elk NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 22 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=12:conj 23 antlers antler NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 24 about about ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 25 3.5 3.5 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 26 nummod _ _ 26 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:obl 27 across across ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=27:punct 29 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 parataxis _ _ 30 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 xcomp _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=32:amod 31 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 32 det _ _ 32 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl:unmarked _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 35 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 cop _ _ 36 neither neither CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 38 cc:preconj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=38:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 37 only only ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 38 Irish Irish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 parataxis _ _ 39 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 42 cc _ _ 40 really really ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 41 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 elk elk NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 conj _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | the cave bear | | | | | than a brown bear; big *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **eat** | past | the cave bear *not said here* | plants | | | | mostly *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Patient | | 3 | **call** | participle | the giant deer *not said here* | the Irish elk | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent elk=Recipient | | 4 | **have** | past | the giant deer | antlers | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent antler=Patient | | 5 | **grow** | participle | | | | | year | across, new *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **is** | past | | | | | | irish *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/13/) - next →: [Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/)