--- title: Almost everywhere people arrived, the giants vanished within a few t… — Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, g… · tree and pragmatics description: Almost everywhere people arrived, the giants vanished within a few thousand years, while the climate was also changing; elephants, rhinos and hippos in Africa are survivors of that age of giants. Who acts: people, giants, climate, elephants. A sentence of the lesson «Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/) / 4 # Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground sloths and woolly rhinos, sentence 4 Almost everywhere people arrived, the giants vanished within a few thousand years, while the climate was also changing; elephants, rhinos and hippos in Africa are survivors of that age of giants. **Who acts:** people, giants, climate, elephants · **What happens:** arrive, vanish, change, be · **To what, where:** survivors This is a sentence of the lesson «Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground sloths and woolly rhinos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, giants, climate, elephants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants.lesson:4 # text = Almost everywhere people arrived, the giants vanished within a few thousand years, while the climate was also changing; elephants, rhinos and hippos in Africa are survivors of that age of giants. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Almost almost ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 2 everywhere everywhere ADV RB PronType=Tot 4 advmod _ _ 3 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 arrived arrive VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 giants giant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 8 vanished vanish VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 9 within within ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 11 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 12 thousand thousand NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 nummod _ _ 13 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 15 while while SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 climate climate NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 18 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 19 also also ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 20 changing change VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 8 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:advcl 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 24 rhinos rhino NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 conj _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 hippos hippo NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 conj _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 Africa Africa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 29 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 cop _ _ 30 survivors survivor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 parataxis _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 33 det _ _ 33 age age NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 giants giant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nmod _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **arrive** | past | people | | | | | everywhere *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **vanish** | past | the giants | | | | year | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **change** | past · progressive | the climate | | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is a** | present | elephants in Africa and rhinos and hippos | survivors | | | of that age of giants | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/3/) - next →: [Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/)