--- title: Megalodon was a giant shark, perhaps 15 to 20 metres long, with teet… — Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and pr… · tree and pragmatics description: Megalodon was a giant shark, perhaps 15 to 20 metres long, with teeth up to 17 centimetres, bigger than a child's hand, and it ate whales until it died out about 3.6 million years ago. Who acts: Megalodon, hand. A sentence of the lesson «Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and present» of the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Megalodon and the giants of the sea, p…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea/) / 0 # Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and present, sentence 0 Megalodon was a giant shark, perhaps 15 to 20 metres long, with teeth up to 17 centimetres, bigger than a child's hand, and it ate whales until it died out about 3.6 million years ago. **Who acts:** Megalodon, hand · **What happens:** be, eat, die out · **To what, where:** giant shark, whales This is a sentence of the lesson «Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and present» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Megalodon, hand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea.lesson:0 # text = Megalodon was a giant shark, perhaps 15 to 20 metres long, with teeth up to 17 centimetres, bigger than a child's hand, and it ate whales until it died out about 3.6 million years ago. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Megalodon Megalodon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 giant giant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 shark shark NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 7 perhaps perhaps ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 8 15 15 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 11 nummod _ _ 9 to to ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 20 20 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 8 nmod _ _ 11 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl:unmarked _ _ 12 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 11 advmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 with with ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 16 up up ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 to to ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 17 17 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 19 nummod _ _ 19 centimetres centimetre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 5 amod _ _ 22 than than ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 child child NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nmod:poss _ _ 25 's 's PART POS _ 24 case _ _ 26 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 29 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 ate eat VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 31 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ _ 32 until until SCONJ IN _ 34 mark _ _ 33 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 34 died die VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 advcl _ _ 35 out out ADP RP _ 34 compound:prt _ _ 36 about about ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=39:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 37 3.6 3.6 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Frac 38 compound _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=39:nummod 38 million million NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 39 nummod _ _ 39 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=34:obl:unmarked 40 ago ago ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=39:advmod 41 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | past | Megalodon | a giant shark | | | | with teeth up 17 centimetres; 15 metres *obl:unmarked* | tree rules | | 2 | **eat** | past | hand | whales | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whale=Patient | | 3 | **die out** | past | hand | | | | | ago *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/16/) - next →: [Megalodon and the giants of the sea, p…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea/)