--- title: Warmth and air helped: big insects breathe through tubes, which work… — Terror birds, moas, giant insects and other lost… · tree and pragmatics description: Warmth and air helped: big insects breathe through tubes, which works better with more oxygen, and cold-blooded snakes like 13-metre Titanoboa can grow bigger where it is hotter. Who acts: Warmth, big insects, tubes, blooded snakes. A sentence of the lesson «Terror birds, moas, giant insects and oth --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/274-terror-birds-moas-giant-insects-and-lost-giants/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Terror birds, moas, giant insects and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/274-terror-birds-moas-giant-insects-and-lost-giants/) / 2 # Terror birds, moas, giant insects and other lost giants, sentence 2 Warmth and air helped: big insects breathe through tubes, which works better with more oxygen, and cold-blooded snakes like 13-metre Titanoboa can grow bigger where it is hotter. **Who acts:** Warmth, big insects, tubes, blooded snakes, world · **What happens:** help, breathe, work, grow, be · **To what, where:** tubes This is a sentence of the lesson «Terror birds, moas, giant insects and other lost giants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Warmth, big insects, tubes, blooded snakes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:274-terror-birds-moas-giant-insects-and-lost-giants.lesson:2 # text = Warmth and air helped: big insects breathe through tubes, which works better with more oxygen, and cold-blooded snakes like 13-metre Titanoboa can grow bigger where it is hotter. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 274-terror-birds-moas-giant-insects-and-lost-giants.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Warmth warmth NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 2 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 3 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 conj _ _ 4 helped help VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 6 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 8 breathe breathe VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 9 through through ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 tubes tube NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:obj 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 13 nsubj _ _ 13 works work VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 acl:relcl _ _ 14 better well ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 13 advmod _ _ 15 with with ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 17 amod _ _ 17 oxygen oxygen NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 20 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 21 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 20 punct _ _ 22 blooded blooded ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 snakes snake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 24 like like ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 25 13 13 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 27 nummod _ _ 26 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 27 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=27:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:::_ 27 metre metre NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 28 Titanoboa Titanoboa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 nmod _ _ 29 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 conj _ _ 31 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 30 xcomp _ _ 32 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 35 advmod _ _ 33 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 34 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 cop _ _ 35 hotter hot ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 31 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=31:conj 36 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **help** | past | Warmth and air | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **breathe** | present | big insects | | | tubes | | | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **work** | present | tubes | | | | | with more oxygen; well *property* | vn cooperate-73.1-3 «NP V PP.co-agent PP.theme»: agent=Agent with oxygen=Co-Agent | | 4 | **grow** | can | blooded snakes like metre Titanoboa | | | | | big *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **is** | present | world | | | | | hot *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:274-terror-birds-moas-giant-insects-and-lost-giants.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Terror birds, moas, giant insects and…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/274-terror-birds-moas-giant-insects-and-lost-giants/0/) - next →: [Terror birds, moas, giant insects and…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/274-terror-birds-moas-giant-insects-and-lost-giants/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/274-terror-birds-moas-giant-insects-and-lost-giants/)