--- title: About 540 million years ago many kinds of animals with eyes, shells… — How old is it? Rock layers, rock clocks, amber a… · tree and pragmatics description: About 540 million years ago many kinds of animals with eyes, shells and legs appeared fairly quickly in the fossil record; this is called the Cambrian explosion, and strange animals like Anomalocaris and five-eyed Opabinia lived then. Who acts: many kinds, strange animals. A sentence of the lesson « --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How old is it? Rock layers, rock clock…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life/) / 12 # How old is it? Rock layers, rock clocks, amber and the long story of life, sentence 12 About 540 million years ago many kinds of animals with eyes, shells and legs appeared fairly quickly in the fossil record; this is called the Cambrian explosion, and strange animals like Anomalocaris and five-eyed Opabinia lived then. **Who acts:** many kinds, strange animals · **What happens:** appear, call, live · **To what, where:** fossil record, this · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «How old is it? Rock layers, rock clocks, amber and the long story of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many kinds, strange animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life.lesson:12 # text = About 540 million years ago many kinds of animals with eyes, shells and legs appeared fairly quickly in the fossil record; this is called the Cambrian explosion, and strange animals like Anomalocaris and five-eyed Opabinia lived then. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 About about ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 2 540 540 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 compound _ _ 3 million million NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 4 nummod _ _ 4 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl:unmarked _ _ 5 ago ago ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:advmod 6 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 kinds kind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nmod _ _ 10 with with ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 shells shell NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 conj _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 15 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 conj _ _ 16 appeared appear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 parataxis _ _ 17 fairly fairly ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 18 quickly quickly ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 21 fossil fossil NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 22 record record NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT : _ 26 punct _ _ 24 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 26 nsubj:pass _ _ 25 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux:pass _ _ 26 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 Cambrian cambrian PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=29:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 29 explosion explosion NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 xcomp _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 32 strange strange ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 nsubj _ _ 34 like like ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 Anomalocaris Anomalocaris PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 nmod _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 37 five five NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 39 nummod _ _ 38 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 37 punct _ _ 39 eyed eye ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=40:amod|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 40 Opabinia Opabinia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 conj _ _ 41 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 42 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 41 advmod _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 16 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=26:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **appear** | past | many kinds of animals with eyes and shells and legs | | | the fossil record | | ago, quickly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in record=Location | | 2 | **call** *speech: assert* | present · passive | | this | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | | 3 | **live** | past | strange animals like Anomalocaris and eyed Opabinia | | | | then | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How old is it? Rock layers, rock clock…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life/11/) - next →: [How old is it? Rock layers, rock clock…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life/)