--- title: If Earth's 4.5 billion years were one day, dinosaurs would arrive at… — How old is it? Rock layers, rock clocks, amber a… · tree and pragmatics description: If Earth's 4.5 billion years were one day, dinosaurs would arrive at about 10.40 at night, vanish at about 11.40, and humans would appear a few seconds before midnight. Who acts: billion years, dinosaurs, humans. A sentence of the lesson «How old is it? Rock layers, rock clocks, amber and the long s --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How old is it? Rock layers, rock clock…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life/) / 9 # How old is it? Rock layers, rock clocks, amber and the long story of life, sentence 9 If Earth's 4.5 billion years were one day, dinosaurs would arrive at about 10.40 at night, vanish at about 11.40, and humans would appear a few seconds before midnight. **Who acts:** billion years, dinosaurs, humans · **What happens:** be, arrive, vanish, appear · **To what, where:** one day, 10.40, 11.40 This is a sentence of the lesson «How old is it? Rock layers, rock clocks, amber and the long story of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (billion years, dinosaurs, humans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life.lesson:9 # text = If Earth's 4.5 billion years were one day, dinosaurs would arrive at about 10.40 at night, vanish at about 11.40, and humans would appear a few seconds before midnight. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 If if SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 2 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod:poss _ _ 3 's 's PART POS _ 2 case _ _ 4 4.5 4.5 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Frac 5 compound _ _ 5 billion billion NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _ 6 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 7 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 8 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _ 9 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 advcl _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 11 dinosaurs dinosaur NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ _ 12 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 arrive arrive VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 14 at at ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 about about ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 10.40 10.40 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 13 obl _ _ 17 at at ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 vanish vanish VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 conj _ _ 21 at at ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 about about ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 11.40 11.40 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 20 obl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 26 humans human NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nsubj _ _ 27 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 28 appear appear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 conj _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 seconds second NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obj _ _ 32 before before ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 midnight midnight NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | Earth's billion years | one day | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **arrive** | would | dinosaurs | | | 10.40 at night | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **vanish** | infinitive | dinosaurs *not said here* | | | 11.40 | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **appear** | would | humans | | | | midnight; second | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How old is it? Rock layers, rock clock…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life/8/) - next →: [How old is it? Rock layers, rock clock…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life/)