--- title: Everyone except identical twins has slightly different DNA, so a sam… — DNA simply: the recipe in every cell · tree and pragmatics description: Everyone except identical twins has slightly different DNA, so a sample from hair roots, skin or spit can identify a person and show who is related to whom. Who acts: Everyone, sample. A sentence of the lesson «DNA simply: the recipe in every cell» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [DNA simply: the recipe in every cell](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell/) / 11 # DNA simply: the recipe in every cell, sentence 11 Everyone except identical twins has slightly different DNA, so a sample from hair roots, skin or spit can identify a person and show who is related to whom. **Who acts:** Everyone, sample · **What happens:** have, identify, show, be · **To what, where:** different DNA, person · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «DNA simply: the recipe in every cell» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Everyone, sample), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell.lesson:11 # text = Everyone except identical twins has slightly different DNA, so a sample from hair roots, skin or spit can identify a person and show who is related to whom. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Everyone everyone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 5 nsubj _ _ 2 except except ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 identical identical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 twins twin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 nmod _ _ 5 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 slightly slightly ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 DNA DNA NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 10 so so ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 sample sample NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 13 from from ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 hair hair NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 compound _ _ 15 roots root NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nmod _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:appos 18 or or CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 spit spit NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 20 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 identify identify VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 show show VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 conj _ _ 26 who who PRON WP PronType=Int 28 nsubj _ _ 27 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 28 related related ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 ccomp _ _ 29 to to ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Int 28 obl _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Everyone | different DNA | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dna=Patient | | 2 | **identify** | can | a sample from hair roots and skin or spit | a person | | | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent person=Theme | | 3 | **show** | infinitive | a sample from hair roots and skin or spit *not said here* | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** | present | | | | | | related *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [DNA simply: the recipe in every cell, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell/10/) - next →: [DNA simply: the recipe in every cell, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell/)