--- title: Animals shed skin and slime into water, so testing a cup of lake wat… — DNA simply: the recipe in every cell · tree and pragmatics description: Animals shed skin and slime into water, so testing a cup of lake water can show which fish, frogs or rare animals live there; this is called environmental DNA. Who acts: Animals, testing, fish. A sentence of the lesson «DNA simply: the recipe in every cell» of the biology course of Mova's primary sc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [DNA simply: the recipe in every cell](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell/) / 15 # DNA simply: the recipe in every cell, sentence 15 Animals shed skin and slime into water, so testing a cup of lake water can show which fish, frogs or rare animals live there; this is called environmental DNA. **Who acts:** Animals, testing, fish · **What happens:** shed, test, show, live, call · **To what, where:** skin, water, cup, this · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «DNA simply: the recipe in every cell» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Animals, testing, fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell.lesson:15 # text = Animals shed skin and slime into water, so testing a cup of lake water can show which fish, frogs or rare animals live there; this is called environmental DNA. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×6 1 Animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 shed shed VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=3:cc 5 slime slime NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ 6 into into ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 so so ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 10 testing test VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 17 csubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:advcl 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 cup cup NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:nsubj 13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 lake lake NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 compound _ _ 15 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 16 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 show show VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 parataxis _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:ccomp 18 which which DET WDT PronType=Int 19 det _ _ 19 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:obj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 frogs frog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:nsubj 22 or or CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=21:cc 23 rare rare ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 conj _ _ 25 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 ccomp _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=19:acl:relcl 26 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 25 advmod _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 28 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 30 nsubj:pass _ _ 29 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux:pass _ _ 30 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 parataxis _ _ 31 environmental environmental ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 DNA DNA NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 xcomp _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **shed** | present | Animals | skin and slime | | water | | | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location skin=Source | | 2 | **test** | gerund | | a cup of lake water | | | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cup=Theme | | 3 | **show** | can | testing | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **live** | present | which fish and frogs or rare animals | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **call** | present · passive | | this | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×6. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [DNA simply: the recipe in every cell, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell/14/) - next →: [DNA simply: the recipe in every cell, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/277-dna-simply-the-recipe-in-every-cell/)