--- title: Most mammals stop digesting milk after babyhood, but in places where… — Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches,… · tree and pragmatics description: Most mammals stop digesting milk after babyhood, but in places where people kept cows for thousands of years, a change that keeps milk digestion spread; it is a recent example of human evolution, and grown-ups without the change, who get tummy trouble from milk, are called lactose intolerant. Who ac --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Natural selection we can watch: moths,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/) / 15 # Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and tuskless elephants, sentence 15 Most mammals stop digesting milk after babyhood, but in places where people kept cows for thousands of years, a change that keeps milk digestion spread; it is a recent example of human evolution, and grown-ups without the change, who get tummy trouble from milk, are called lactose intolerant. **Who acts:** Most mammals, people, change, milk, grown ups · **What happens:** stop, digest, keep, be, grow, get · **To what, where:** milk, cows, recent example, tummy trouble, places · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and tuskless elephants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most mammals, people, change, milk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants.lesson:15 # text = Most mammals stop digesting milk after babyhood, but in places where people kept cows for thousands of years, a change that keeps milk digestion spread; it is a recent example of human evolution, and grown-ups without the change, who get tummy trouble from milk, are called lactose intolerant. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 Most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 2 amod _ _ 2 mammals mammal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 stop stop VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 digesting digest VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 xcomp _ _ 5 milk milk NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 6 after after ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 babyhood babyhood NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:nmod 8 , , PUNCT , _ 54 punct _ _ 9 but but CCONJ CC _ 54 cc _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 54 obl _ _ 12 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 14 advmod _ _ 13 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 14 kept keep VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 acl:relcl _ _ 15 cows cow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 16 for for ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 18 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 change change NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 23 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 24 nsubj _ _ 24 keeps keep VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 acl:relcl _ _ 25 milk milk NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 26 digestion digestion NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 compound _ _ 27 spread spread NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 conj _ _ 28 ; ; PUNCT : _ 33 punct _ _ 29 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 30 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 cop _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 32 recent recent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 example example NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 human human ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 evolution evolution NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nmod _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 39 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 41 amod _ _ 40 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 41 punct _ _ 41 ups up NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 conj _ _ 42 without without ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 change change NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nmod _ _ 45 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 46 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 47 nsubj _ _ 47 get get VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 acl:relcl _ _ 48 tummy tummy NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 compound _ _ 49 trouble trouble NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obj _ _ 50 from from ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 51 milk milk NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=49:nmod 52 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 53 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 54 aux:pass _ _ 54 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 conj _ _ 55 lactose lactose NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 compound _ _ 56 intolerant intolerant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 54 xcomp _ _ 57 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **stop** | present | Most mammals | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | | 2 | **digest** | gerund | Most mammals *not said here* | milk | | | after babyhood | | tree rules | | 3 | **keep** | past | people and a change and grown ups without the change | cows | | | | for thousands of years | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Theme | | 4 | **keep** | present | a change | milk and digestion spread | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent milk=Theme | | 5 | **is a** | present | milk | a recent example | | | | of human evolution | tree rules | | 6 | **grow** | participle | | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **get** | present | grown ups without the change | tummy trouble | | milk | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent trouble=Theme from milk=Source | | 8 | **call** | present · passive | Most mammals *not said here* | | | places | | intolerant *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V» | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Natural selection we can watch: moths,…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/14/) - next →: [Natural selection we can watch: moths,…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/)