--- title: Flu viruses change quickly, and the kinds the body does not recognis… — Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches,… · tree and pragmatics description: Flu viruses change quickly, and the kinds the body does not recognise spread more, so flu vaccines are updated each year; this is evolution in months, not millions of years. Who acts: Flu viruses, body, kinds, this. A sentence of the lesson «Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Natural selection we can watch: moths,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/) / 17 # Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and tuskless elephants, sentence 17 Flu viruses change quickly, and the kinds the body does not recognise spread more, so flu vaccines are updated each year; this is evolution in months, not millions of years. **Who acts:** Flu viruses, body, kinds, this · **What happens:** change, not recognise, spread, update, be · **To what, where:** kinds, flu vaccines, evolution This is a sentence of the lesson «Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and tuskless elephants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Flu viruses, body, kinds, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants.lesson:17 # text = Flu viruses change quickly, and the kinds the body does not recognise spread more, so flu vaccines are updated each year; this is evolution in months, not millions of years. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Flu flu NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 viruses virus NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 change change VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 quickly quickly ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=13:punct 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 kinds kind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 11 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 12 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 13 advmod _ _ 13 recognise recognise VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 acl:relcl _ _ 14 spread spread VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 15 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 14 advmod _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 17 so so ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 18 flu flu NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 vaccines vaccine NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj:pass _ _ 20 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux:pass _ _ 21 updated update VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 advcl _ _ 22 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 23 det _ _ 23 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl:unmarked _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 27 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=27:det|HaikuPos=DET:DT:Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 26 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop _ _ 27 evolution evolution NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ _ 28 in in ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 months month NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 31 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 32 advmod _ _ 32 millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 conj _ _ 33 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nmod _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** | present | Flu viruses | | | | | quickly *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **not** **recognise** | present · do-support | the body | the kinds *not said here* | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer kind=Stimulus | | 3 | **spread** | present | the kinds | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **update** *speech: other* | present · passive | | flu vaccines | | | year | | vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | | 5 | **is a** | present | this | evolution | | | month | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Natural selection we can watch: moths,…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/16/) - next →: [Evolution myths put right: monkeys, th…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/)