--- title: Steller's sea cow was a giant, gentle cousin of the manatee, up to a… — Extinct forever: the dodo, the passenger pigeon,… · tree and pragmatics description: Steller's sea cow was a giant, gentle cousin of the manatee, up to about 8 metres long; Europeans found it near Russia's islands in 1741 and hunted it to extinction in 27 years. Who acts: sea cow, Europeans. A sentence of the lesson «Extinct forever: the dodo, the passenger pigeon, the thylacine and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/281-extinct-forever-the-dodo-the-passenger-pigeon-the-thylacine-and-more/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Extinct forever: the dodo, the passeng…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/281-extinct-forever-the-dodo-the-passenger-pigeon-the-thylacine-and-more/) / 9 # Extinct forever: the dodo, the passenger pigeon, the thylacine and more, sentence 9 Steller's sea cow was a giant, gentle cousin of the manatee, up to about 8 metres long; Europeans found it near Russia's islands in 1741 and hunted it to extinction in 27 years. **Who acts:** sea cow, Europeans · **What happens:** be, find, hunt · **To what, where:** giant gentle cousin, manatee, islands This is a sentence of the lesson «Extinct forever: the dodo, the passenger pigeon, the thylacine and more» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sea cow, Europeans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:281-extinct-forever-the-dodo-the-passenger-pigeon-the-thylacine-and-more.lesson:9 # text = Steller's sea cow was a giant, gentle cousin of the manatee, up to about 8 metres long; Europeans found it near Russia's islands in 1741 and hunted it to extinction in 27 years. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 281-extinct-forever-the-dodo-the-passenger-pigeon-the-thylacine-and-more.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Steller Steller PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss _ _ 2 's 's PART POS _ 1 case _ _ 3 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 cow cow NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 5 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 7 giant giant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 9 gentle gentle ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 cousin cousin NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 parataxis _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 manatee manatee NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 15 up up ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 16 to to ADP IN _ 15 fixed _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:case 17 about about ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 18 8 8 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 19 nummod _ _ 19 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod:unmarked _ _ 20 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 19 advmod _ _ 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 Europeans European PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=23:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 23 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 24 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ _ 25 near near ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 26 Russia Russia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 nmod:poss _ _ 27 's 's PART POS _ 26 case _ _ 28 islands island NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obl _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 1741 1741 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 23 obl _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 hunted hunt VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 conj _ _ 33 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ _ 34 to to ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 extinction extinction NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 36 in in ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 27 27 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 38 nummod _ _ 38 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=23:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | past | Steller's sea cow | a giant gentle cousin | | | | of the manatee; 8 metres *nmod:unmarked* | tree rules | | 2 | **find** | past | Europeans | manatee | | Russia's islands | | in 1741 | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic | | 3 | **hunt** | past | Europeans *not said here* | manatee | | | year | to extinction | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:281-extinct-forever-the-dodo-the-passenger-pigeon-the-thylacine-and-more.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Extinct forever: the dodo, the passeng…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/281-extinct-forever-the-dodo-the-passenger-pigeon-the-thylacine-and-more/8/) - next →: [Extinct forever: the dodo, the passeng…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/281-extinct-forever-the-dodo-the-passenger-pigeon-the-thylacine-and-more/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/281-extinct-forever-the-dodo-the-passenger-pigeon-the-thylacine-and-more/)