--- title: Mountain gorillas fell to about 250 in the 1980s; rangers, local peo… — Comeback stories: bald eagles, humpback whales,… · tree and pragmatics description: Mountain gorillas fell to about 250 in the 1980s; rangers, local people and gorilla tourism helped them grow to over 1,000, and park rangers risk their lives to protect them. Who acts: Mountain gorillas, rangers, gorillas, park rangers. A sentence of the lesson «Comeback stories: bald eagles, humpba --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/282-comeback-stories-bald-eagles-humpback-whales-condors-and-the-kakapo/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Comeback stories: bald eagles, humpbac…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/282-comeback-stories-bald-eagles-humpback-whales-condors-and-the-kakapo/) / 12 # Comeback stories: bald eagles, humpback whales, condors and the kakapo, sentence 12 Mountain gorillas fell to about 250 in the 1980s; rangers, local people and gorilla tourism helped them grow to over 1,000, and park rangers risk their lives to protect them. **Who acts:** Mountain gorillas, rangers, gorillas, park rangers · **What happens:** fall, help, grow, risk, protect · **To what, where:** 1980s, gorillas, lives This is a sentence of the lesson «Comeback stories: bald eagles, humpback whales, condors and the kakapo» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mountain gorillas, rangers, gorillas, park rangers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:282-comeback-stories-bald-eagles-humpback-whales-condors-and-the-kakapo.lesson:12 # text = Mountain gorillas fell to about 250 in the 1980s; rangers, local people and gorilla tourism helped them grow to over 1,000, and park rangers risk their lives to protect them. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 282-comeback-stories-bald-eagles-humpback-whales-condors-and-the-kakapo.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×2, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Mountain mountain NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 gorillas gorilla NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 fell fall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 about about ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 250 250 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 obl _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 1980s 1980s NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 3 obl _ _ 10 ; ; PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=3:punct 11 rangers ranger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=11:punct 13 local local ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 conj _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 16 gorilla gorilla NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 17 tourism tourism NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 18 helped help VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 19 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ _ 20 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 xcomp _ _ 21 to to ADP IN _ 23 case _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=23:case|HaikuPos=ADP:TO:_ 22 over over ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 1,000 1000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 20 obl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 26 park park NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 compound _ _ 27 rangers ranger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nsubj _ _ 28 risk risk VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:conj 29 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 lives life NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obj _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 protect protect VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 advcl _ _ 33 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fall** | past | Mountain gorillas | | | the 1980s | | to 250 | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in 1980s=Location | | 2 | **help** | past | rangers and local people and gorilla tourism | gorillas *= gorilla* | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme | | 3 | **grow** | infinitive | gorillas *= gorilla* *not said here* | | | | | to 1,000 | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **risk** | present | park rangers | rangers's lives | | | | | vn risk-94-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Pivot | | 5 | **protect** | to-infinitive | park rangers *not said here* | gorillas *= gorilla* | | | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:282-comeback-stories-bald-eagles-humpback-whales-condors-and-the-kakapo.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×2, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Comeback stories: bald eagles, humpbac…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/282-comeback-stories-bald-eagles-humpback-whales-condors-and-the-kakapo/11/) - next →: [Comeback stories: bald eagles, humpbac…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/282-comeback-stories-bald-eagles-humpback-whales-condors-and-the-kakapo/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/282-comeback-stories-bald-eagles-humpback-whales-condors-and-the-kakapo/)