--- title: Wolves sometimes kill sheep and cattle near parks; farmers are paid… — Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain and br… · tree and pragmatics description: Wolves sometimes kill sheep and cattle near parks; farmers are paid for losses, and guard dogs, fences and lights help keep wolves away, so that farmers and wild animals can live side by side. Who acts: Wolves, guard dogs, farmers. A sentence of the lesson «Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Brit…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back/) / 9 # Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain and bringing nature back, sentence 9 Wolves sometimes kill sheep and cattle near parks; farmers are paid for losses, and guard dogs, fences and lights help keep wolves away, so that farmers and wild animals can live side by side. **Who acts:** Wolves, guard dogs, farmers · **What happens:** kill, pay, help, keep away, live · **To what, where:** sheep, parks, farmers, wolves, side This is a sentence of the lesson «Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain and bringing nature back» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wolves, guard dogs, farmers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back.lesson:9 # text = Wolves sometimes kill sheep and cattle near parks; farmers are paid for losses, and guard dogs, fences and lights help keep wolves away, so that farmers and wild animals can live side by side. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Wolves wolf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 sometimes sometimes ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 kill kill VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 sheep sheep NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 cattle cattle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ 7 near near ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 parks park NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 9 ; ; PUNCT : _ 3 punct _ _ 10 farmers farmer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj:pass _ _ 11 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux:pass _ _ 12 paid pay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 parataxis _ _ 13 for for ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 losses loss NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=17:punct 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 17 guard guard NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 18 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 fences fence NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 conj _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 22 lights light NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 23 help help VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 24 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 xcomp _ _ 25 wolves wolf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 26 away away ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 28 so so SCONJ IN ExtPos=SCONJ 35 mark _ _ 29 that that SCONJ IN _ 28 fixed _ _ 30 farmers farmer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 nsubj _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 32 wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 conj _ _ 34 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 35 live live VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 advcl _ _ 36 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl:unmarked _ _ 37 by by ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nmod _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **kill** | present | Wolves | sheep and cattle | | parks | | sometimes *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sheep=Theme | | 2 | **pay** | present · passive | | farmers | | | | for losses | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Asset for loss=Theme | | 3 | **help** | present | guard dogs and fences | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 4 | **keep away** | infinitive | guard dogs and fences *not said here* | wolves | | | | away *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wolf=Theme | | 5 | **live** | can | farmers and wild animals | side by side | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Brit…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back/8/) - next →: [Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Brit…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back/)