--- title: Microbes in a cow's stomach make methane, a gas that warms the plane… — Farm animals: milk, eggs, wool and meat · tree and pragmatics description: Microbes in a cow's stomach make methane, a gas that warms the planet; most of it leaves in burps, not farts, and farmers are testing seaweed in feed to cut it. Who acts: Microbes, gas, most, farmers. A sentence of the lesson «Farm animals: milk, eggs, wool and meat» of the biology course of Mova's --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/287-farm-animals-milk-eggs-wool-and-meat/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Farm animals: milk, eggs, wool and meat](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/287-farm-animals-milk-eggs-wool-and-meat/) / 12 # Farm animals: milk, eggs, wool and meat, sentence 12 Microbes in a cow's stomach make methane, a gas that warms the planet; most of it leaves in burps, not farts, and farmers are testing seaweed in feed to cut it. **Who acts:** Microbes, gas, most, farmers · **What happens:** make, warm, leave, test, cut · **To what, where:** methane, planet, burps, seaweed, feed This is a sentence of the lesson «Farm animals: milk, eggs, wool and meat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Microbes, gas, most, farmers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:287-farm-animals-milk-eggs-wool-and-meat.lesson:12 # text = Microbes in a cow's stomach make methane, a gas that warms the planet; most of it leaves in burps, not farts, and farmers are testing seaweed in feed to cut it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 287-farm-animals-milk-eggs-wool-and-meat.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Microbes microbe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 2 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 cow cow NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod:poss _ _ 5 's 's PART POS _ 4 case _ _ 6 stomach stomach NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _ 7 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 8 methane methane NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 gas gas NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 appos _ _ 12 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 13 nsubj _ _ 13 warms warm VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 acl:relcl _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 planet planet NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 17 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 20 nsubj _ _ 18 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod _ _ 20 leaves leave VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 parataxis _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 burps burp NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 25 advmod _ _ 25 farts fart NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBZ:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 28 farmers farmer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 29 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 testing test VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 25 conj _ _ 31 seaweed seaweed NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obj _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 feed feed NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 34 to to PART TO _ 35 mark _ _ 35 cut cut VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 advcl _ _ 36 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obj _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present | Microbes in a cow's stomach | methane | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset methane=Product | | 2 | **warm** | present | a gas | the planet | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent planet=Patient | | 3 | **leave** | present | most of stomach | | | | | in burps and farts *result* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in burp=Result | | 4 | **test** | present · progressive | farmers | seaweed | | feed | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seaweed=Theme | | 5 | **cut** | to-infinitive | farmers *not said here* | seaweed | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:287-farm-animals-milk-eggs-wool-and-meat.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Farm animals: milk, eggs, wool and meat, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/287-farm-animals-milk-eggs-wool-and-meat/11/) - next →: [Farm animals: milk, eggs, wool and meat, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/287-farm-animals-milk-eggs-wool-and-meat/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/287-farm-animals-milk-eggs-wool-and-meat/)