--- title: Popcorn is a kind of maize with a hard shell and a little water insi… — Plants we eat: roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fr… · tree and pragmatics description: Popcorn is a kind of maize with a hard shell and a little water inside; heat turns the water to steam, and the hard shell holds the steam in until it bursts the kernel. Who acts: Popcorn, heat, hard shell. A sentence of the lesson «Plants we eat: roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds» of t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/288-plants-we-eat-roots-stems-leaves-flowers-fruits-and-seeds/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Plants we eat: roots, stems, leaves, f…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/288-plants-we-eat-roots-stems-leaves-flowers-fruits-and-seeds/) / 14 # Plants we eat: roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds, sentence 14 Popcorn is a kind of maize with a hard shell and a little water inside; heat turns the water to steam, and the hard shell holds the steam in until it bursts the kernel. **Who acts:** Popcorn, heat, hard shell · **What happens:** be, turn, hold, burst · **To what, where:** kind, water, steam, kernel This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants we eat: roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Popcorn, heat, hard shell), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:288-plants-we-eat-roots-stems-leaves-flowers-fruits-and-seeds.lesson:14 # text = Popcorn is a kind of maize with a hard shell and a little water inside; heat turns the water to steam, and the hard shell holds the steam in until it bursts the kernel. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 288-plants-we-eat-roots-stems-leaves-flowers-fruits-and-seeds.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Popcorn popcorn NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 kind kind NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 maize maize NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 7 with with ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 shell shell NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 15 inside inside ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 17 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 18 turns turn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 to to ADP IN _ 22 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:mark|HaikuPos=PART:TO:_ 22 steam steam NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:acl|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 23 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 shell shell NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 28 holds hold VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 steam steam NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 in in ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=28:compound:prt|HaikuPos=ADP:RP:_ 32 until until SCONJ IN _ 34 mark _ _ 33 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 34 bursts burst VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 advcl _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 kernel kernel NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=18:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Popcorn | a kind | | | | of maize; with a hard shell and a little water | tree rules | | 2 | **turn** | present | heat | the water | | steam | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent water=Theme to steam=Trajectory | | 3 | **hold** | present | the hard shell | the steam | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent steam=Theme | | 4 | **burst** | present | heat | the kernel | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location kernel=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:288-plants-we-eat-roots-stems-leaves-flowers-fruits-and-seeds.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Plants we eat: roots, stems, leaves, f…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/288-plants-we-eat-roots-stems-leaves-flowers-fruits-and-seeds/13/) - next →: [Plants we eat: roots, stems, leaves, f…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/288-plants-we-eat-roots-stems-leaves-flowers-fruits-and-seeds/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/288-plants-we-eat-roots-stems-leaves-flowers-fruits-and-seeds/)