---
title: Caimans, South American relatives of alligators, often let capybaras… — Crocodiles and alligators · tree and pragmatics
description: Caimans, South American relatives of alligators, often let capybaras, the world's biggest rodents, rest beside them or on their backs. Who acts: Caimans, capybaras. A sentence of the lesson «Crocodiles and alligators» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# Crocodiles and alligators, sentence 18

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Caimans, South American relatives of alligators, often let capybaras, the world's biggest rodents, rest beside them or on their backs.

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**Who acts:** Caimans, capybaras · **What happens:** let, rest · **To what, where:** capybaras

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Crocodiles and alligators» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caimans, capybaras), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:029-crocodiles-and-alligators.lesson:18
# text = Caimans, South American relatives of alligators, often let capybaras, the world's biggest rodents, rest beside them or on their backs.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 029-crocodiles-and-alligators.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Caimans	caiman	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=10:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
4	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	relatives	relative	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	alligators	alligator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	often	often	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	let	let	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	capybaras	capybara	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod:poss	_	_
15	's	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	biggest	big	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	17	amod	_	_
17	rodents	rodent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	appos	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	rest	rest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
20	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	backs	back	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | present | Caimans | capybaras |  |  |  | often *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **rest** | infinitive | capybaras *not said here* |  |  |  |  | beside alligators *= alligator* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beside they=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:029-crocodiles-and-alligators.lesson:18`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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