---
title: Farming insects needs much less land, water and food than farming co… — Insects as food in other countries · tree and pragmatics
description: Farming insects needs much less land, water and food than farming cows, and makes far less greenhouse gas, the kind of gas that warms the planet. Who acts: Farming insects, kind. A sentence of the lesson «Insects as food in other countries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dep
---

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# Insects as food in other countries, sentence 8

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Farming insects needs much less land, water and food than farming cows, and makes far less greenhouse gas, the kind of gas that warms the planet.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Farming insects, kind · **What happens:** need, farm, make, warm · **To what, where:** less land, less greenhouse gas, planet

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Insects as food in other countries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Farming insects, kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:290-insects-as-food-in-other-countries.lesson:8
# text = Farming insects needs much less land, water and food than farming cows, and makes far less greenhouse gas, the kind of gas that warms the planet.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 290-insects-as-food-in-other-countries.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Farming	farming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	much	much	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	than	than	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	farming	farm	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	amod	_	_
13	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	18	advmod	_	_
18	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	20	amod	_	_
19	greenhouse	greenhouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	appos	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
26	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj	_	_
27	warms	warm	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	acl:relcl	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | Farming insects | less land and water and food |  |  |  | than farming cows | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot land=Theme |
| 2 | **farm** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | present | Farming insects *not said here* | less greenhouse gas |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset gas=Product |
| 4 | **warm** | present | the kind of gas | the planet |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent planet=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:290-insects-as-food-in-other-countries.lesson:8`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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