--- title: Earthworms eat dead leaves and soil and leave rich casts, their tunn… — Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpers of our… · tree and pragmatics description: Earthworms eat dead leaves and soil and leave rich casts, their tunnels let air and water into the soil, and Charles Darwin wrote a whole book about worms. Who acts: Earthworms, tunnels, Charles. A sentence of the lesson «Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpers of our food» of the biology course of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpe…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food/) / 14 # Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpers of our food, sentence 14 Earthworms eat dead leaves and soil and leave rich casts, their tunnels let air and water into the soil, and Charles Darwin wrote a whole book about worms. **Who acts:** Earthworms, tunnels, Charles · **What happens:** eat, leave, let, write · **To what, where:** dead leaves, rich casts, air, soil, whole book This is a sentence of the lesson «Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpers of our food» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Earthworms, tunnels, Charles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food.lesson:14 # text = Earthworms eat dead leaves and soil and leave rich casts, their tunnels let air and water into the soil, and Charles Darwin wrote a whole book about worms. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Earthworms earthworm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 eat eat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 soil soil NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 leave leave VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 9 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 casts cast NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=13:punct 12 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 tunnels tunnel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 14 let let VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ _ 15 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 conj _ _ 18 into into ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 soil soil NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 23 Charles Charles PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 24 Darwin Darwin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 flat _ _ 25 wrote write VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:parataxis 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 book book NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 29 about about ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 worms worm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nmod _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **eat** | present | Earthworms | dead leaves and soil | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient | | 2 | **leave** | present | Earthworms *not said here* | rich casts | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cast=Theme | | 3 | **let** | present | Earthworms's tunnels | air and water | | the soil | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme | | 4 | **write** | past | Charles | a whole book | | | | about worms | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent book=Recipient about worm=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpe…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food/13/) - next →: [Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpe…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food/)