--- title: Ladybirds eat aphids, tiny insects that suck plant juice, so farmers… — Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpers of our… · tree and pragmatics description: Ladybirds eat aphids, tiny insects that suck plant juice, so farmers use them and other helpers instead of sprays; this is natural pest control. Who acts: Ladybirds, tiny insects, farmers, this. A sentence of the lesson «Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpers of our food» of the biology course of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpe…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food/) / 18 # Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpers of our food, sentence 18 Ladybirds eat aphids, tiny insects that suck plant juice, so farmers use them and other helpers instead of sprays; this is natural pest control. **Who acts:** Ladybirds, tiny insects, farmers, this · **What happens:** eat, suck, use, be · **To what, where:** aphids, plant juice, natural pest control This is a sentence of the lesson «Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpers of our food» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ladybirds, tiny insects, farmers, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food.lesson:18 # text = Ladybirds eat aphids, tiny insects that suck plant juice, so farmers use them and other helpers instead of sprays; this is natural pest control. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Ladybirds ladybird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 eat eat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 aphids aphid NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 5 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 appos _ _ 7 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 8 suck suck VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 acl:relcl _ _ 9 plant plant NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 juice juice NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 so so ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 13 farmers farmer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 14 use use VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 15 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obj _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 17 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 helpers helper NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 conj _ _ 19 instead instead ADV RB ExtPos=ADP 21 case _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 19 fixed _ _ 21 sprays spray NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 23 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 27 nsubj _ _ 24 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop _ _ 25 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 26 pest pest NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 compound _ _ 27 control control NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **eat** | present | Ladybirds | aphids | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aphid=Patient | | 2 | **suck** | present | tiny insects | plant juice | | | | | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent juice=Theme | | 3 | **use** | present | farmers | aphids *= aphid* | | | | instead sprays | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | | 4 | **is a** | present | this | natural pest control | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpe…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food/17/) - next →: [Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpe…, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food/19/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food/)