--- title: A growl is a warning, not rudeness; a dog that is punished for growl… — Dogs from wolves to best friends: living with do… · tree and pragmatics description: A growl is a warning, not rudeness; a dog that is punished for growling may learn to bite without warning. Who acts: growl, dog. A sentence of the lesson «Dogs from wolves to best friends: living with dogs today» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmat --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Dogs from wolves to best friends: livi…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today/) / 16 # Dogs from wolves to best friends: living with dogs today, sentence 16 A growl is a warning, not rudeness; a dog that is punished for growling may learn to bite without warning. **Who acts:** growl, dog · **What happens:** be, punish, growl, learn, bite · **To what, where:** warning, dog This is a sentence of the lesson «Dogs from wolves to best friends: living with dogs today» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (growl, dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today.lesson:16 # text = A growl is a warning, not rudeness; a dog that is punished for growling may learn to bite without warning. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 growl growl NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 warning warning NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 8 advmod _ _ 8 rudeness rudeness NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 conj _ _ 9 ; ; PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 12 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 14 nsubj:pass _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux:pass _ _ 14 punished punish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 acl:relcl _ _ 15 for for ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 growling growl VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 obl _ _ 17 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 18 learn learn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 parataxis _ _ 19 to to PART TO _ 20 mark _ _ 20 bite bite VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 xcomp _ _ 21 without without ADP IN _ 22 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:mark|HaikuPos=SCONJ:IN:_ 22 warning warning NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 23 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | a growl | a warning and rudeness | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **punish** | present · passive | | a dog | | | | | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 3 | **growl** | gerund | | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **learn** | may | a dog | | | | | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **bite** | to-infinitive | a dog *not said here* | | | | | without warning | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Dogs from wolves to best friends: livi…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today/15/) - next →: [Dogs from wolves to best friends: livi…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today/)