--- title: Wild horses once ran free on the grasslands of what are now Ukraine,… — Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people… · tree and pragmatics description: Wild horses once ran free on the grasslands of what are now Ukraine, Russia and Kazakhstan, and people there learned to keep and ride them. Who acts: Wild horses, people. A sentence of the lesson «Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals» of the biology course of Mova's primary --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: h…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/) / 1 # Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals, sentence 1 Wild horses once ran free on the grasslands of what are now Ukraine, Russia and Kazakhstan, and people there learned to keep and ride them. **Who acts:** Wild horses, people · **What happens:** run, be, learn, keep, ride · **To what, where:** grasslands, Ukraine, people This is a sentence of the lesson «Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wild horses, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson:1 # text = Wild horses once ran free on the grasslands of what are now Ukraine, Russia and Kazakhstan, and people there learned to keep and ride them. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 horses horse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 4 advmod _ _ 4 ran run VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 free free ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 xcomp _ _ 6 on on ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 grasslands grassland NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:obl 9 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 8 nmod _ _ 11 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 cop _ _ 12 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 13 advmod _ _ 13 Ukraine Ukraine PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 acl:relcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:nsubj 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 Russia Russia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 Kazakhstan Kazakhstan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=20:punct 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 20 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 21 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 20 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:advmod 22 learned learn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark _ _ 24 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 xcomp _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 ride ride VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 conj _ _ 27 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **run** | past | Wild horses | | | the grasslands | | free, once *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on grassland=Trajectory | | 2 | **is a** | present | | Ukraine and Russia and Kazakhstan | | | now | | tree rules | | 3 | **learn** | past | people | | | | | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **keep** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* | | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **ride** | infinitive | people *not said here* | people | | | | | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: h…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/0/) - next →: [Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: h…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/)