--- title: Camels were tamed about 3,000 years ago and made desert trade possib… — Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people… · tree and pragmatics description: Camels were tamed about 3,000 years ago and made desert trade possible; the hump stores fat, not water, and a thirsty camel can drink about 100 litres in about ten minutes. Who acts: hump, thirsty camel. A sentence of the lesson «Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals» of the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: h…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/) / 14 # Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals, sentence 14 Camels were tamed about 3,000 years ago and made desert trade possible; the hump stores fat, not water, and a thirsty camel can drink about 100 litres in about ten minutes. **Who acts:** hump, thirsty camel · **What happens:** tame, make, store, drink · **To what, where:** Camels, desert trade, fat, 100 litres This is a sentence of the lesson «Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hump, thirsty camel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson:14 # text = Camels were tamed about 3,000 years ago and made desert trade possible; the hump stores fat, not water, and a thirsty camel can drink about 100 litres in about ten minutes. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Camels camel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 tamed tame VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 about about ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 3,000 3000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _ 6 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl:unmarked _ _ 7 ago ago ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 10 desert desert NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 11 trade trade NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 possible possible ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 xcomp _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:amod 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 hump hump NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 stores store VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 17 fat fat NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 20 advmod _ _ 20 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 thirsty thirsty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 camel camel NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 26 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 27 drink drink VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 conj _ _ 28 about about ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=30:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 29 100 100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 30 nummod _ _ 30 litres litre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=27:obl 31 in in ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 32 about about ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 33 ten ten NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 34 nummod _ _ 34 minutes minute NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **tame** | past · passive | | Camels | | | | ago *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **make** | past | | desert trade | | | | possible *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset trade=Product | | 3 | **store** | present | the hump | fat and water | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fat=Theme | | 4 | **drink** | can | a thirsty camel | 100 litres | | | minute | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litre=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: h…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/13/) - next →: [Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: h…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/)