--- title: Elephants have worked with people for thousands of years but were ne… — Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people… · tree and pragmatics description: Elephants have worked with people for thousands of years but were never truly tamed; most were caught wild, as they breed slowly in captivity. Who acts: Elephants, thousands. A sentence of the lesson «Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals» of the biology course of Mova's prim --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: h…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/) / 19 # Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals, sentence 19 Elephants have worked with people for thousands of years but were never truly tamed; most were caught wild, as they breed slowly in captivity. **Who acts:** Elephants, thousands · **What happens:** work, not tame, catch, breed · **To what, where:** most, captivity This is a sentence of the lesson «Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elephants, thousands), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson:19 # text = Elephants have worked with people for thousands of years but were never truly tamed; most were caught wild, as they breed slowly in captivity. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 worked work VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 with with ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 6 for for ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nmod _ _ 10 but but CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 11 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux:pass _ _ 12 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 14 advmod _ _ 13 truly truly ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 14 tamed tame VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 conj _ _ 15 ; ; PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 18 nsubj:pass _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=18:nsubj:pass|HaikuPos=PRON:JJS:_ 17 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux:pass _ _ 18 caught catch VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 parataxis _ _ 19 wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 xcomp _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 as as SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ _ 22 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 23 breed breed VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ _ 24 slowly slowly ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 25 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 captivity captivity NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **work** | present · perfect | Elephants | | | | | with people; for thousands of years | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for thousand=Beneficiary | | 2 | **not** **tame** | past · passive | Elephants *not said here* | | | | | truly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V» | | 3 | **catch** | past · passive | | most | | | | wild *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 4 | **breed** | present | thousands *= thousand* | | | captivity | | slowly *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson:19`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: h…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/18/) - next →: [Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: h…, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/20/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/)