--- title: Training teaches one animal tricks in its lifetime; taming, or domes… — Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people… · tree and pragmatics description: Training teaches one animal tricks in its lifetime; taming, or domestication, means people choose the calmest animals to have babies, generation after generation, until the whole kind changes. Who acts: Training, taming, people, whole kind. A sentence of the lesson «Horses, cattle, camels and chicke --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: h…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/) / 3 # Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals, sentence 3 Training teaches one animal tricks in its lifetime; taming, or domestication, means people choose the calmest animals to have babies, generation after generation, until the whole kind changes. **Who acts:** Training, taming, people, whole kind · **What happens:** teach, mean, choose, have, change · **To what, where:** one animal tricks, lifetime, calmest animals, babies · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Training, taming, people, whole kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson:3 # text = Training teaches one animal tricks in its lifetime; taming, or domestication, means people choose the calmest animals to have babies, generation after generation, until the whole kind changes. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3 1 Training training NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:nsubj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 teaches teach VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 5 nummod _ _ 4 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 tricks trick NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 lifetime lifetime NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:nmod 9 ; ; PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 taming taming NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=15:nsubj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 or or CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 domestication domestication NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 16 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 17 choose choose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 ccomp _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=15:ccomp|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 calmest calm ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 20 amod _ _ 20 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obj _ _ 21 to to PART TO _ 22 mark _ _ 22 have have VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 advcl _ _ 23 babies baby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 25 generation generation NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 appos _ _ 26 after after ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 generation generation NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 29 until until SCONJ IN _ 33 mark _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 kind kind NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 33 changes change VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 advcl _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | present | Training | one animal tricks | | training's lifetime | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent trick=Recipient | | 2 | **mean** | present | taming or domestication | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **choose** | present | people | the calmest animals | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme | | 4 | **have** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* | babies | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient | | 5 | **change** | present | the whole kind | | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: h…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/2/) - next →: [Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: h…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/)