--- title: After almost every big flood a fake picture of a shark swimming in a… — Animals in the news: true stories, fakes and how… · tree and pragmatics description: After almost every big flood a fake picture of a shark swimming in a street spreads online; it is usually the same old edited photo, and checking where it first appeared shows it is fake. Who acts: shark, fake picture, picture, it. A sentence of the lesson «Animals in the news: true stories, fakes a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/296-animals-in-the-news-true-stories-fakes-and-how-to-read-them/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Animals in the news: true stories, fak…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/296-animals-in-the-news-true-stories-fakes-and-how-to-read-them/) / 8 # Animals in the news: true stories, fakes and how to read them, sentence 8 After almost every big flood a fake picture of a shark swimming in a street spreads online; it is usually the same old edited photo, and checking where it first appeared shows it is fake. **Who acts:** shark, fake picture, picture, it, checking · **What happens:** swim, spread, edit, be, check, appear · **To what, where:** street, same old edited photo · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Animals in the news: true stories, fakes and how to read them» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shark, fake picture, picture, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:296-animals-in-the-news-true-stories-fakes-and-how-to-read-them.lesson:8 # text = After almost every big flood a fake picture of a shark swimming in a street spreads online; it is usually the same old edited photo, and checking where it first appeared shows it is fake. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 296-animals-in-the-news-true-stories-fakes-and-how-to-read-them.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1 1 After after ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 2 almost almost ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 3 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 5 det _ _ 4 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 flood flood NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 fake fake ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 picture picture NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 shark shark NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 12 swimming swim VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 11 acl _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 street street NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 16 spreads spread VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 17 online online ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 20 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 cop _ _ 21 usually usually ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 23 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:amod 24 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 25 edited edit VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 26 amod _ _ 26 photo photo NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 parataxis _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=26:cc 29 checking check VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 34 csubj _ _ 30 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 33 advmod _ _ 31 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 32 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 33 advmod _ _ 33 appeared appear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 advcl _ _ 34 shows show VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 35 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nsubj _ _ 36 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 37 fake fake ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 ccomp _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 16 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **swim** | gerund | a shark *not said here* | | | a street | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in street=Trajectory | | 2 | **spread** | present | a fake picture of a shark | | | | after every big flood | online *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **edit** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **is a** | present | picture | the same old edited photo | | | | usually *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **check** | gerund | | | | | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **appear** | past | it | | | | | first *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **show** | present | checking | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **is** | present | picture | | | | | fake *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:296-animals-in-the-news-true-stories-fakes-and-how-to-read-them.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Animals in the news: true stories, fak…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/296-animals-in-the-news-true-stories-fakes-and-how-to-read-them/7/) - next →: [Animals in the news: true stories, fak…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/296-animals-in-the-news-true-stories-fakes-and-how-to-read-them/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/296-animals-in-the-news-true-stories-fakes-and-how-to-read-them/)