--- title: Green bridges are bridges over roads covered with soil and plants; t… — The future of life: de-extinction, climate, cora… · tree and pragmatics description: Green bridges are bridges over roads covered with soil and plants; they let deer, bears and other animals cross safely, and in Canada's Banff National Park they cut the number of animals killed on the road sharply; on Christmas Island, where millions of red crabs cross the roads each year, the crabs --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The future of life: de-extinction, cli…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos/) / 13 # The future of life: de-extinction, climate, coral and frozen zoos, sentence 13 Green bridges are bridges over roads covered with soil and plants; they let deer, bears and other animals cross safely, and in Canada's Banff National Park they cut the number of animals killed on the road sharply; on Christmas Island, where millions of red crabs cross the roads each year, the crabs have their own small bridges so they are not squashed. **Who acts:** Green bridges, bridges, other animals, animals, millions, crabs · **What happens:** be, cover, let, cross, cut, kill · **To what, where:** bridges, roads, deer, number, Banff National Park, animals This is a sentence of the lesson «The future of life: de-extinction, climate, coral and frozen zoos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Green bridges, bridges, other animals, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos.lesson:13 # text = Green bridges are bridges over roads covered with soil and plants; they let deer, bears and other animals cross safely, and in Canada's Banff National Park they cut the number of animals killed on the road sharply; on Christmas Island, where millions of red crabs cross the roads each year, the crabs have their own small bridges so they are not squashed. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Green green ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 bridges bridge NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 bridges bridge NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 5 over over ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 roads road NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 7 covered cover VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:acl 8 with with ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 soil soil NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 13 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 let let VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 15 deer deer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 bears bear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 conj _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 19 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 21 cross cross VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 22 safely safely ADV RB Degree=Pos 21 advmod _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 25 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 26 Canada Canada PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 nmod:poss _ _ 27 's 's PART POS _ 26 case _ _ 28 Banff Banff PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 compound _ _ 29 National National ADJ NNP Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 Park Park PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 31 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 32 cut cut VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 parataxis _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 number number NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nmod _ _ 37 killed kill VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 36 acl _ _ 38 on on ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 road road NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 41 sharply sharply ADV RB Degree=Pos 37 advmod _ _ 42 ; ; PUNCT : _ 45 punct _ _ 43 on on ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 Christmas Christmas PROPN NNP Number=Sing 45 compound _ _ 45 Island Island PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 47 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 52 advmod _ _ 48 millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 52 nsubj _ _ 49 of of ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 50 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 51 amod _ _ 51 crabs crab NOUN NNS Number=Plur 48 nmod _ _ 52 cross cross VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 45 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=32:parataxis|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 53 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 54 roads road NOUN NNS Number=Plur 52 obj _ _ 55 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 56 det _ _ 56 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 obl:unmarked _ _ 57 , , PUNCT , _ 60 punct _ _ 58 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 59 det _ _ 59 crabs crab NOUN NNS Number=Plur 60 nsubj _ _ 60 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 52 parataxis _ _ 61 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 64 nmod:poss _ _ 62 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 64 amod _ _ 63 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 64 amod _ _ 64 bridges bridge NOUN NNS Number=Plur 60 obj _ _ 65 so so ADV RB _ 69 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=69:mark|HaikuPos=SCONJ:IN:_ 66 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 69 nsubj:pass _ _ 67 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 69 aux:pass _ _ 68 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 69 advmod _ _ 69 squashed squash VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 60 xcomp _ _ 70 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Green bridges | bridges | | roads | | | tree rules | | 2 | **cover** | participle | | roads *not said here* | | | | with soil and plants | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with soil=Theme | | 3 | **let** | past | bridges *= bridge* | deer and bears | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deer=Theme | | 4 | **cross** | present | other animals | | | | | safely *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **cut** | past | animals *= animal* | the number of animals | | Canada's Banff National Park | | on Christmas Island | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset number=Product | | 6 | **kill** | participle | | animals *not said here* | | the road | | sharply *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 7 | **cross** | present | millions of red crabs | the roads | | | year | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient | | 8 | **have** | present | the crabs | animals's own small bridges | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **not** **squash** | present · passive | | animals *= animal* | | | | | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The future of life: de-extinction, cli…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos/12/) - next →: [The future of life: de-extinction, cli…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos/)