--- title: T. rex cannot be cloned, because cloning needs DNA and dinosaur DNA… — The future of life: de-extinction, climate, cora… · tree and pragmatics description: T. rex cannot be cloned, because cloning needs DNA and dinosaur DNA is long gone; birds are living dinosaurs, so a bird is the closest we can get. Who acts: cloning, DNA, birds, bird. A sentence of the lesson «The future of life: de-extinction, climate, coral and frozen zoos» of the biology course o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The future of life: de-extinction, cli…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos/) / 7 # The future of life: de-extinction, climate, coral and frozen zoos, sentence 7 T. rex cannot be cloned, because cloning needs DNA and dinosaur DNA is long gone; birds are living dinosaurs, so a bird is the closest we can get. **Who acts:** cloning, DNA, birds, bird, we · **What happens:** not clone, need, be, live, get · **To what, where:** T. rex, dinosaurs This is a sentence of the lesson «The future of life: de-extinction, climate, coral and frozen zoos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cloning, DNA, birds, bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos.lesson:7 # text = T. rex cannot be cloned, because cloning needs DNA and dinosaur DNA is long gone; birds are living dinosaurs, so a bird is the closest we can get. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 T. T. PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 rex rex NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 4 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 6 advmod _ _ 5 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 6 aux:pass _ _ 6 cloned clone VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 because because SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 9 cloning clone NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=10:nsubj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 needs need VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 advcl _ _ 11 DNA DNA NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 13 dinosaur dinosaur NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 DNA DNA NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 15 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 cop _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:aux:pass 16 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 17 advmod _ _ 17 gone go VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 10 conj _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 20 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 living live VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 6 conj _ _ 22 dinosaurs dinosaur NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 24 so so ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 27 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 closest close ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 21 parataxis _ _ 30 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 31 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 get get VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 acl:relcl _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **clone** | can · passive | | T. rex | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **need** | present | cloning | | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot | | 3 | **is** | present | DNA and dinosaur DNA | | | | | go, long *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **live** | present · progressive | birds | dinosaurs | | | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme dinosaur=Location | | 5 | **is** | present | a bird | | | | | close *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **get** | can | we | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The future of life: de-extinction, cli…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos/6/) - next →: [The future of life: de-extinction, cli…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos/)