--- title: Camouflage is colours and shapes that help an animal hide, like a po… — The big biology quiz, part 1: habitats and animals · tree and pragmatics description: Camouflage is colours and shapes that help an animal hide, like a polar bear in snow or a leaf insect on a twig; some animals, like wasps, do the opposite and show bright warning colours. Who acts: Camouflage, colours, animal, animals. A sentence of the lesson «The big biology quiz, part 1: habitats --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/298-the-big-biology-quiz-part-1-habitats-and-animals/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The big biology quiz, part 1: habitats…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/298-the-big-biology-quiz-part-1-habitats-and-animals/) / 13 # The big biology quiz, part 1: habitats and animals, sentence 13 Camouflage is colours and shapes that help an animal hide, like a polar bear in snow or a leaf insect on a twig; some animals, like wasps, do the opposite and show bright warning colours. **Who acts:** Camouflage, colours, animal, animals · **What happens:** be, help, hide, do, show · **To what, where:** colours, opposite, bright warning colours This is a sentence of the lesson «The big biology quiz, part 1: habitats and animals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Camouflage, colours, animal, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:298-the-big-biology-quiz-part-1-habitats-and-animals.lesson:13 # text = Camouflage is colours and shapes that help an animal hide, like a polar bear in snow or a leaf insect on a twig; some animals, like wasps, do the opposite and show bright warning colours. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 298-the-big-biology-quiz-part-1-habitats-and-animals.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Camouflage camouflage NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:compound 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 colours colour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 shapes shape NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 conj _ _ 6 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 7 nsubj _ _ 7 help help VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:acl:relcl 8 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 10 hide hide VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 xcomp _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 like like ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 polar polar ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 bear bear NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 parataxis _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 18 or or CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 leaf leaf NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound _ _ 21 insect insect NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 conj _ _ 22 on on ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 twig twig NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 27 det _ _ 27 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nsubj _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 29 like like ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 wasps wasp NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nmod _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 32 do do VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 opposite opposite NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 show show VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 conj _ _ 37 bright bright ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 38 warning warning NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 compound _ _ 39 colours colour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 obj _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=32:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Camouflage | colours and shapes | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **help** | present | colours and shapes | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **hide** | infinitive | a animal | | | | | | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **do** | present | some animals like wasps | the opposite | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent opposite=Eventuality | | 5 | **show** | present | some animals like wasps *not said here* | bright warning colours | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent colour=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:298-the-big-biology-quiz-part-1-habitats-and-animals.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The big biology quiz, part 1: habitats…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/298-the-big-biology-quiz-part-1-habitats-and-animals/12/) - next →: [The big biology quiz, part 1: habitats…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/298-the-big-biology-quiz-part-1-habitats-and-animals/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/298-the-big-biology-quiz-part-1-habitats-and-animals/)