--- title: Under the canopy lies the understorey, a dim world of young trees, s… — The rainforest from below: understorey and fores… · tree and pragmatics description: Under the canopy lies the understorey, a dim world of young trees, shrubs, vines and big-leaved plants, and below that the forest floor, where only about 2 per cent of the sunlight arrives. Who acts: understorey, 2 per cent. A sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from below: understorey and forest --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The rainforest from below: understorey…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/) / 0 # The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor, sentence 0 Under the canopy lies the understorey, a dim world of young trees, shrubs, vines and big-leaved plants, and below that the forest floor, where only about 2 per cent of the sunlight arrives. **Who acts:** understorey, 2 per cent · **What happens:** lie, leaved, arrive · **To what, where:** canopy This is a sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (understorey, 2 per cent), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:003-the-rainforest-from-below.lesson:0 # text = Under the canopy lies the understorey, a dim world of young trees, shrubs, vines and big-leaved plants, and below that the forest floor, where only about 2 per cent of the sunlight arrives. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 003-the-rainforest-from-below.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Under under ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 canopy canopy NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 4 lies lie VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 understorey understorey NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 dim dim ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 appos _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 shrubs shrub NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 conj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 vines vine NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:appos 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 19 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:amod 20 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 19 punct _ _ 21 leaved leaved VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=22:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 22 plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 conj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 25 below below ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 26 that that PRON DT PronType=Dem 25 fixed _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 forest forest NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=29:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 29 floor floor NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 31 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 40 advmod _ _ 32 only only ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 33 about about ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 34 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 36 nummod _ _ 35 per per NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 compound _ _ 36 cent cent NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 sunlight sunlight NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nmod _ _ 40 arrives arrive VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 acl:relcl _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lie** | present | the understorey and the forest floor | | | the canopy | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under canopy=Location | | 2 | **leaved** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **arrive** | present | 2 per cent of the sunlight | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:003-the-rainforest-from-below.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The rainforest from the top: emergent…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/18/) - next →: [The rainforest from below: understorey…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/)