--- title: Leafcutter ants do not eat the leaves they carry; they chew them int… — The rainforest from below: understorey and fores… · tree and pragmatics description: Leafcutter ants do not eat the leaves they carry; they chew them into a mulch to grow a fungus garden, and the fungus feeds a colony that can hold several million ants. Who acts: Leafcutter ants, ants, fungus, colony. A sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor» --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The rainforest from below: understorey…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/) / 7 # The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor, sentence 7 Leafcutter ants do not eat the leaves they carry; they chew them into a mulch to grow a fungus garden, and the fungus feeds a colony that can hold several million ants. **Who acts:** Leafcutter ants, ants, fungus, colony · **What happens:** not eat, carry, chew, grow, feed, hold · **To what, where:** leaves, trees, mulch, fungus garden, colony, million ants This is a sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Leafcutter ants, ants, fungus, colony), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:003-the-rainforest-from-below.lesson:7 # text = Leafcutter ants do not eat the leaves they carry; they chew them into a mulch to grow a fungus garden, and the fungus feeds a colony that can hold several million ants. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 003-the-rainforest-from-below.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Leafcutter leafcutter NOUN NN _ 2 compound _ _ 2 ants ant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 3 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 4 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 5 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 8 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 9 carry carry VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 acl:relcl _ _ 10 ; ; PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 chew chew VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 13 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ _ 14 into into ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 mulch mulch NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:advcl 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 fungus fungus NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound _ _ 21 garden garden NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 fungus fungus NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 26 feeds feed VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 colony colony NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 29 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 31 nsubj _ _ 30 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 31 hold hold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 acl:relcl _ _ 32 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 million million NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 34 nummod _ _ 34 ants ant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **eat** | present · do-support | Leafcutter ants | the leaves | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient | | 2 | **carry** | present | ants *= ant* | the leaves *not said here* | | | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme | | 3 | **chew** | present | ants *= ant* | trees *= tree* | | a mulch | | | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | | 4 | **grow** | to-infinitive | ants *= ant* *not said here* | a fungus garden | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location garden=Theme | | 5 | **feed** | present | the fungus | a colony | | | | | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colony=Recipient | | 6 | **hold** | can | a colony | million ants | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ant=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:003-the-rainforest-from-below.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The rainforest from below: understorey…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/6/) - next →: [The rainforest from below: understorey…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/)