--- title: Every bee has four wings, joined in flight by tiny hooks, and only f… — Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, solitary bees,… · tree and pragmatics description: Every bee has four wings, joined in flight by tiny hooks, and only females can sting, because the sting is a changed egg-laying tube. Who acts: bee, females, sting. A sentence of the lesson «Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, solitary bees, carpenter bees and stingless bees» of the biology course of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, soli…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees/) / 5 # Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, solitary bees, carpenter bees and stingless bees, sentence 5 Every bee has four wings, joined in flight by tiny hooks, and only females can sting, because the sting is a changed egg-laying tube. **Who acts:** bee, females, sting · **What happens:** have, join, sting, change, lay, be · **To what, where:** four wings, changed laying tube This is a sentence of the lesson «Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, solitary bees, carpenter bees and stingless bees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bee, females, sting), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees.lesson:5 # text = Every bee has four wings, joined in flight by tiny hooks, and only females can sting, because the sting is a changed egg-laying tube. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Every every DET DT PronType=Tot 2 det _ _ 2 bee bee NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 5 nummod _ _ 5 wings wing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 joined join VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 acl _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 flight flight NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 10 by by ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 hooks hook NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 15 only only ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 16 females female NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 17 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 18 sting sting VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 20 because because SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 sting sting NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 23 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 25 changed change VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 29 amod _ _ 26 egg egg NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 27 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 26 punct _ _ 28 laying lay VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 29 amod _ _ 29 tube tube NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 advcl _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | every bee | four wings | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wing=Patient | | 2 | **join** | participle | | four wings *not said here* | | | | by tiny hooks; in flight | vn cooperate-73.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in flight=Theme | | 3 | **sting** | can | females | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 4 | **change** | participle | | | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **lay** | gerund | | | | | | | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **is a** | present | the sting | a changed laying tube | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, soli…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees/4/) - next →: [Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, soli…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees/)