---
title: Bumblebees shiver their flight muscles to warm up, and their fur kee… — Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, solitary bees,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Bumblebees shiver their flight muscles to warm up, and their fur keeps the heat in, so they fly in cool weather; queen bumblebees are often the first bees seen in early spring. Who acts: Bumblebees, fur, queen bumblebees. A sentence of the lesson «Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, solitary bees, car
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees/7/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, soli…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees/) / 7

# Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, solitary bees, carpenter bees and stingless bees, sentence 7

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bumblebees shiver their flight muscles to warm up, and their fur keeps the heat in, so they fly in cool weather; queen bumblebees are often the first bees seen in early spring.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Bumblebees, fur, queen bumblebees · **What happens:** shiver, warm up, keep in, fly, be, see · **To what, where:** flight muscles, heat, cool weather, first bees

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, solitary bees, carpenter bees and stingless bees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bumblebees, fur, queen bumblebees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees.lesson:7
# text = Bumblebees shiver their flight muscles to warm up, and their fur keeps the heat in, so they fly in cool weather; queen bumblebees are often the first bees seen in early spring.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Bumblebees	bumblebee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shiver	shiver	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	flight	flight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	warm	warm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	so	so	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	fly	fly	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	cool	cool	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	bumblebees	bumblebee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nsubj	_	_
27	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
28	often	often	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	31	amod	_	_
31	bees	bee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	parataxis	_	_
32	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	31	acl	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shiver** | present | Bumblebees | Bumblebees's flight muscles |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **warm up** | to-infinitive | Bumblebees *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **keep in** | present | Bumblebees's fur | the heat |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Theme |
| 4 | **fly** | present | Bumblebees *= bumblebee* |  |  | cool weather |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in weather=Location |
| 5 | **is a** | present | queen bumblebees | the first bees |  |  |  | often *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **see** | participle |  | the first bees *not said here* |  |  | spring |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, soli…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees/6/)
- next →: [Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, soli…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees/8/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees/)