---
title: Wallace's flying frog of Borneo and Malaysia spreads its huge webbed… — Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, fly… · tree and pragmatics
description: Wallace's flying frog of Borneo and Malaysia spreads its huge webbed feet and skin flaps like parachutes to glide down between trees, about 15 metres reported; Alfred Russel Wallace described it in the 1850s. Who acts: flying frog. A sentence of the lesson «Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frog
---

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# Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog, sentence 10

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Wallace's flying frog of Borneo and Malaysia spreads its huge webbed feet and skin flaps like parachutes to glide down between trees, about 15 metres reported; Alfred Russel Wallace described it in the 1850s.

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**Who acts:** flying frog · **What happens:** fly, spread, web, glide down, report, describe · **To what, where:** huge webbed feet, 15 metres, trees, tape, 1850s

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flying frog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson:10
# text = Wallace's flying frog of Borneo and Malaysia spreads its huge webbed feet and skin flaps like parachutes to glide down between trees, about 15 metres reported; Alfred Russel Wallace described it in the 1850s.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Wallace	Wallace	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	_
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	amod	_	_
4	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Borneo	Borneo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	Malaysia	Malaysia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	spreads	spread	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
11	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	webbed	web	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	flaps	flap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
17	like	like	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	parachutes	parachute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	glide	glide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
21	down	down	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=20:compound:prt|HaikuPos=ADP:RP:_
22	between	between	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	about	about	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	27	nummod	_	_
27	metres	metre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
28	reported	report	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	acl	_	_
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
30	Alfred	Alfred	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	flat	_	_
31	Russel	Russel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	flat	_	_
32	Wallace	Wallace	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
33	described	describe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
34	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	obj	_	_
35	in	in	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	1850s	1850	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	33	obl	_	_
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	33	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **spread** | present | Wallace's flying frog of Borneo and Malaysia *not said here* | tape's huge webbed feet and skin flaps like parachutes |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location foot=Theme |
| 3 | **web** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **glide down** | to-infinitive | Wallace's flying frog of Borneo and Malaysia *not said here* | 15 metres |  | trees |  | down *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between tree=Trajectory |
| 5 | **report** | participle |  | 15 metres *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **describe** | past | Wallace's flying frog of Borneo and Malaysia | tape |  | the 1850s |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson:10`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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