---
title: The goliath frog of Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea is the biggest fr… — Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, fly… · tree and pragmatics
description: The goliath frog of Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea is the biggest frog in the world, about 32 centimetres long and over 3 kilograms; a 2019 study reported it moves heavy stones to build little pools for its eggs. Who acts: goliath frog, 2019 study, study. A sentence of the lesson «Frogs of the world
---

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# Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog, sentence 11

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The goliath frog of Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea is the biggest frog in the world, about 32 centimetres long and over 3 kilograms; a 2019 study reported it moves heavy stones to build little pools for its eggs.

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**Who acts:** goliath frog, 2019 study, study · **What happens:** be, report, move, build · **To what, where:** biggest frog, world, heavy stones, little pools

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (goliath frog, 2019 study, study), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson:11
# text = The goliath frog of Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea is the biggest frog in the world, about 32 centimetres long and over 3 kilograms; a 2019 study reported it moves heavy stones to build little pools for its eggs.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	goliath	goliath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Cameroon	Cameroon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=5:cc
7	Equatorial	Equatorial	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Guinea	Guinea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	biggest	big	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	12	amod	_	_
12	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	about	about	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	32	32	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	centimetres	centimetre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:nmod:unmarked
20	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=19:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:Degree=Pos
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=19:cc
22	over	over	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:advmod
23	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
24	kilograms	kilogram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=19:conj
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	2019	2019	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	28	nummod	_	_
28	study	study	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	reported	report	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:conj
30	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	ccomp	_	_
32	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obj	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	build	build	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	advcl	_	_
36	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	pools	pool	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	obj	_	_
38	for	for	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	obl	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the goliath frog of Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea | the biggest frog |  | the world |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **report** | past | a 2019 study |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **move** | present | study | heavy stones |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme stone=Result |
| 4 | **build** | to-infinitive | study *not said here* | little pools |  |  |  | for study's eggs | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent pool=Product for egg=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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