---
title: Frogs pull their eyes down into the head when they swallow, so the e… — Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, fly… · tree and pragmatics
description: Frogs pull their eyes down into the head when they swallow, so the eyeballs press on the roof of the mouth and help push food down the throat. Who acts: Frogs, eyeballs. A sentence of the lesson «Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog» of the biology course of
---

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# Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Frogs pull their eyes down into the head when they swallow, so the eyeballs press on the roof of the mouth and help push food down the throat.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Frogs, eyeballs · **What happens:** pull down, swallow, press, help, push · **To what, where:** eyes, head, food, throat

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Frogs, eyeballs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson:15
# text = Frogs pull their eyes down into the head when they swallow, so the eyeballs press on the roof of the mouth and help push food down the throat.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pull	pull	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	down	down	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:obl
9	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	11	mark	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	swallow	swallow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:det
15	eyeballs	eyeball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	press	press	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:nmod
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
25	push	push	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	xcomp	_	_
26	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
27	down	down	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull down** | present | Frogs | Frogs's eyes |  | the head |  | down *property* | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Theme |
| 2 | **swallow** | present | Frogs *= frog* |  |  |  |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **press** | present | the eyeballs |  |  |  |  | on the roof of the mouth | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent on roof=Theme |
| 4 | **help** | present | the eyeballs *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 5 | **push** | infinitive | the eyeballs *not said here* | food |  | the throat |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent food=Theme down throat=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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