--- title: The male Darwin's frog of Chile and Argentina keeps tadpoles in his… — Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, fly… · tree and pragmatics description: The male Darwin's frog of Chile and Argentina keeps tadpoles in his vocal sac until they hop out as froglets; the gastric-brooding frog of Australia raised its babies in its stomach, but it is now extinct. Who acts: male frog, Frogs, brooding frog, stomach. A sentence of the lesson «Frogs of the wor --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog/) / 16 # Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog, sentence 16 The male Darwin's frog of Chile and Argentina keeps tadpoles in his vocal sac until they hop out as froglets; the gastric-brooding frog of Australia raised its babies in its stomach, but it is now extinct. **Who acts:** male frog, Frogs, brooding frog, stomach · **What happens:** keep, hop out, brooding, raise, be · **To what, where:** tadpoles, vocal sac, babies, stomach This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (male frog, Frogs, brooding frog, stomach), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson:16 # text = The male Darwin's frog of Chile and Argentina keeps tadpoles in his vocal sac until they hop out as froglets; the gastric-brooding frog of Australia raised its babies in its stomach, but it is now extinct. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 2 male male ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 3 Darwin Darwin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nmod:poss _ _ 4 's 's PART POS _ 3 case _ _ 5 frog frog NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 Chile Chile PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:nmod|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=7:cc 9 Argentina Argentina PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 10 keeps keep VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 tadpoles tadpole NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ _ 12 in in ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 13 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 14 vocal vocal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 sac sac NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:nmod 16 until until SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 17 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 hop hop VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 advcl _ _ 19 out out ADP RP _ 18 compound:prt _ _ 20 as as ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 froglets froglet NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 24 gastric gastric ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 compound _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=27:amod 25 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 24 punct _ _ 26 brooding brooding VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 27 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=27:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 27 frog frog NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 Australia Australia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 nmod _ _ 30 raised raise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 31 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 32 babies baby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ _ 33 in in ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ _ 35 stomach stomach NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=32:nmod 36 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 37 but but CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=30:cc 38 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 39 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 cop _ _ 40 now now ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 41 extinct extinct ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 conj _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **keep** | present | Darwin's male frog of Chile and Argentina | tadpoles | | Argentina's vocal sac | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent tadpole=Theme in sac=Location | | 2 | **hop out** | present | Frogs *= frog* | | | | | as froglets | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **brooding** | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **raise** | past | the brooding frog of Australia | sac's babies | | sac's stomach | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent baby=Theme in stomach=Destination | | 5 | **is** | present | stomach | | | | now | extinct *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog/15/) - next →: [Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croa…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog/)