--- title: Toads do not give you warts; warts on people are caused by a virus,… — Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choru… · tree and pragmatics description: Toads do not give you warts; warts on people are caused by a virus, and the toad's bumps are glands, not warts. Who acts: Toads, virus, bumps, toad. A sentence of the lesson «Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad» of the biology course of Mova' --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croa…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad/) / 11 # Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad, sentence 11 Toads do not give you warts; warts on people are caused by a virus, and the toad's bumps are glands, not warts. **Who acts:** Toads, virus, bumps, toad · **What happens:** not give, cause, be, bump · **To what, where:** warts, you, glands This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Toads, virus, bumps, toad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad.lesson:11 # text = Toads do not give you warts; warts on people are caused by a virus, and the toad's bumps are glands, not warts. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Toads toad NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 4 advmod _ _ 4 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 iobj _ _ 6 warts wart NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 7 ; ; PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 warts wart NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj:pass _ _ 9 on on ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ _ 11 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux:pass _ _ 12 caused cause VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 parataxis _ _ 13 by by ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 virus virus NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 toad toad NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod:poss _ _ 20 's 's PART POS _ 19 case _ _ 21 bumps bump NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 22 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 cop _ _ 23 glands gland NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 26 advmod _ _ 26 warts wart NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **give** | present · do-support | Toads | warts | you | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient wart=Theme | | 2 | **cause** | present · passive | a virus | warts on people | | | | | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient | | 3 | **is a** | present | the toad's bumps | glands and warts | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **bump** | | the toad | | | | | | nom bump «state transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croa…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad/9/) - next →: [Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croa…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad/)