--- title: A turtle's shell is not a coat it can take off: it is part of its sk… — Turtles and tortoises · tree and pragmatics description: A turtle's shell is not a coat it can take off: it is part of its skeleton, with the ribs and backbone grown together into the bony plates. Who acts: shell, it. A sentence of the lesson «Turtles and tortoises» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/31-turtles-and-tortoises/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Turtles and tortoises](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/31-turtles-and-tortoises/) / 0 # Turtles and tortoises, sentence 0 A turtle's shell is not a coat it can take off: it is part of its skeleton, with the ribs and backbone grown together into the bony plates. **Who acts:** shell, it · **What happens:** not be, take off, be, grow · **To what, where:** coat, part, ribs, bony plates This is a sentence of the lesson «Turtles and tortoises» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shell, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:031-turtles-and-tortoises.lesson:0 # text = A turtle's shell is not a coat it can take off: it is part of its skeleton, with the ribs and backbone grown together into the bony plates. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 031-turtles-and-tortoises.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:det 2 turtle turtle NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss _ _ 3 's 's PART POS _ 2 case _ _ 4 shell shell NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 6 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 8 advmod _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 coat coat NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 9 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 10 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 11 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 acl:relcl _ _ 12 off off ADP RP _ 11 compound:prt _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 14 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 15 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 16 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 parataxis _ _ 17 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 skeleton skeleton NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 with with ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 ribs rib NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nmod _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 backbone backbone NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 conj _ _ 26 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 acl _ _ 27 together together ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 28 into into ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 bony bony ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 plates plate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obl _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **is a** | present | a turtle's shell | a coat | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **take off** | can | it | a coat *not said here* | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coat=Theme | | 3 | **is a** | present | shell | part | | | | of shell's skeleton; with the ribs and backbone | tree rules | | 4 | **grow** | participle | | the ribs and backbone *not said here* | | | | into the bony plates *result*; together *property* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into plate=Result | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:031-turtles-and-tortoises.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Snakes and lizards, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/30-snakes-and-lizards/16/) - next →: [Turtles and tortoises, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/31-turtles-and-tortoises/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/31-turtles-and-tortoises/)