--- title: Swell sharks gulp water to puff themselves up and wedge into rock cr… — Sharks by kind, small and strange: walking shark… · tree and pragmatics description: Swell sharks gulp water to puff themselves up and wedge into rock cracks so a predator cannot pull them out. Who acts: Swell sharks, predator. A sentence of the lesson «Sharks by kind, small and strange: walking sharks, wobbegongs, cookiecutters and goblin sharks» of the biology course of Mova's pri --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Sharks by kind, small and strange: wal…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks/) / 16 # Sharks by kind, small and strange: walking sharks, wobbegongs, cookiecutters and goblin sharks, sentence 16 Swell sharks gulp water to puff themselves up and wedge into rock cracks so a predator cannot pull them out. **Who acts:** Swell sharks, predator · **What happens:** gulp, puff up, wedge, not pull out · **To what, where:** water, centimetres, rock cracks This is a sentence of the lesson «Sharks by kind, small and strange: walking sharks, wobbegongs, cookiecutters and goblin sharks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Swell sharks, predator), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks.lesson:16 # text = Swell sharks gulp water to puff themselves up and wedge into rock cracks so a predator cannot pull them out. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Swell swell ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 sharks shark NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 gulp gulp VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark _ _ 6 puff puff VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 7 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 6 obj _ _ 8 up up ADP RP _ 6 compound:prt _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 wedge wedge VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 conj _ _ 11 into into ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 rock rock NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 cracks crack NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ 14 so so SCONJ IN _ 19 mark _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 predator predator NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 17 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 18 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 19 advmod _ _ 19 pull pull VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl _ _ 20 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ _ 21 out out ADP RP _ 19 compound:prt _ _ 22 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **gulp** | present | Swell sharks | water | | | | | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient | | 2 | **puff up** | to-infinitive | Swell sharks *not said here* | centimetres *= centimetre* | | | | | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location themselves=Source | | 3 | **wedge** | infinitive | Swell sharks *not said here* | | | rock cracks | | | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into crack=Destination | | 4 | **not** **pull out** | can | a predator | centimetres *= centimetre* | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Sharks by kind, small and strange: wal…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks/15/) - next →: [Sharks by kind, small and strange: wal…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks/)