---
title: Most beaked whales have almost no teeth; males have just two or four… — Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Most beaked whales have almost no teeth; males have just two or four, and the male strap-toothed whale's two teeth grow up over its upper jaw like straps, so it sucks squid in like a vacuum. Who acts: Most beaked whales, males, two teeth, mammal. A sentence of the lesson «Whales by kind, the toothed
---

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# Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, beluga and beaked whales, sentence 16

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Most beaked whales have almost no teeth; males have just two or four, and the male strap-toothed whale's two teeth grow up over its upper jaw like straps, so it sucks squid in like a vacuum.

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**Who acts:** Most beaked whales, males, two teeth, mammal · **What happens:** have, tooth, grow up, suck in · **To what, where:** teeth, two, upper jaw, squid

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, beluga and beaked whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most beaked whales, males, two teeth, mammal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales.lesson:16
# text = Most beaked whales have almost no teeth; males have just two or four, and the male strap-toothed whale's two teeth grow up over its upper jaw like straps, so it sucks squid in like a vacuum.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
2	beaked	beaked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	whales	whale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	7	det	_	_
7	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	males	male	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj
11	just	just	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	obj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	conj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
18	male	male	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
19	strap	strap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	_
21	toothed	tooth	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	amod	_	_
22	whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod:poss	_	_
23	's	's	PART	POS	_	22	case	_	_
24	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
25	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
26	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
27	up	up	ADP	RP	_	26	compound:prt	_	_
28	over	over	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
30	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	jaw	jaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
32	like	like	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	straps	strap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	so	so	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
36	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
37	sucks	suck	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
38	squid	squid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
39	in	in	ADP	RP	_	37	compound:prt	_	_
40	like	like	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	vacuum	vacuum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=38:nmod
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Most beaked whales | no teeth |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient |
| 2 | **have** | present | males | two |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent two=Patient |
| 3 | **tooth** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **grow up** | present | the male toothed whale's two teeth |  |  | mammal's upper jaw like straps |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over jaw=Location |
| 5 | **suck in** | present | mammal | squid |  |  |  | like a vacuum | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent squid=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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