--- title: The sperm whale has the biggest brain of any animal, about 8 kilogra… — Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale,… · tree and pragmatics description: The sperm whale has the biggest brain of any animal, about 8 kilograms; its huge head works like a sound gun for very loud clicks and was once hunted for its oil, burned in lamps. Who acts: sperm whale, huge head. A sentence of the lesson «Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, belug --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sp…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales/) / 5 # Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, beluga and beaked whales, sentence 5 The sperm whale has the biggest brain of any animal, about 8 kilograms; its huge head works like a sound gun for very loud clicks and was once hunted for its oil, burned in lamps. **Who acts:** sperm whale, huge head · **What happens:** have, work, hunt, burn · **To what, where:** biggest brain, lamps This is a sentence of the lesson «Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, beluga and beaked whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sperm whale, huge head), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales.lesson:5 # text = The sperm whale has the biggest brain of any animal, about 8 kilograms; its huge head works like a sound gun for very loud clicks and was once hunted for its oil, burned in lamps. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 sperm sperm NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 whale whale NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 biggest big ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 7 amod _ _ 7 brain brain NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 10 det _ _ 10 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 about about ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 13 8 8 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 14 kilograms kilogram NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 appos _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:conj 15 ; ; PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 16 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 17 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 19 works work VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 20 like like ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 22 sound sound NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=23:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 23 gun gun NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 24 for for ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 very very ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 26 loud loud ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 clicks click NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nmod _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 29 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux:pass _ _ 30 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 31 advmod _ _ 31 hunted hunt VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:conj 32 for for ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 oil oil NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 36 burned burn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 31 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=31:conj 37 in in ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 lamps lamp NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 obl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | the sperm whale | the biggest brain of any animal | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brain=Patient | | 2 | **work** | present | animal's huge head | | | | | like a sound gun for loud clicks | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **hunt** | past · passive | animal's huge head *not said here* | | | | | for head's oil; once *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: for oil=Theme | | 4 | **burn** | participle | animal's huge head *not said here* | | | lamps | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in lamp=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sp…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales/4/) - next →: [Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sp…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales/)