--- title: Their wing is a hand: four very long fingers hold up a thin skin, an… — Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, t… · tree and pragmatics description: Their wing is a hand: four very long fingers hold up a thin skin, and a short clawed thumb sticks out at the top. Who acts: wing, four long fingers, short clawed thumb. A sentence of the lesson «Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers» of the biology course o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampi…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/) / 1 # Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers, sentence 1 Their wing is a hand: four very long fingers hold up a thin skin, and a short clawed thumb sticks out at the top. **Who acts:** wing, four long fingers, short clawed thumb · **What happens:** be, hold up, claw, stick out · **To what, where:** hand, thin skin, top This is a sentence of the lesson «Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wing, four long fingers, short clawed thumb), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson:1 # text = Their wing is a hand: four very long fingers hold up a thin skin, and a short clawed thumb sticks out at the top. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 wing wing NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 7 punct _ _ 7 four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 10 nummod _ _ 8 very very ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 9 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 fingers finger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _ 11 hold hold VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 12 up up ADP RP _ 11 compound:prt _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 thin thin ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 19 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 20 clawed claw VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 amod _ _ 21 thumb thumb NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 sticks stick VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 23 out out ADP RP _ 22 compound:prt _ _ 24 at at ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 top top NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | mammals's wing | a hand | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **hold up** | present | four long fingers | a thin skin | | | | | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot skin=Theme | | 3 | **claw** | participle | | | | | | | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **stick out** | present | a short clawed thumb | | | the top | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme at top=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampi…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/0/) - next →: [Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampi…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/)