--- title: Vampire bats can walk, run and hop on all fours, creeping up on a sl… — Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, t… · tree and pragmatics description: Vampire bats can walk, run and hop on all fours, creeping up on a sleeping animal on foot, while most bats are clumsy on the ground. Who acts: Vampire bats, most bats. A sentence of the lesson «Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers» of the biology course of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampi…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/) / 14 # Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers, sentence 14 Vampire bats can walk, run and hop on all fours, creeping up on a sleeping animal on foot, while most bats are clumsy on the ground. **Who acts:** Vampire bats, most bats · **What happens:** walk, run, hop, creep up, sleep, be · **To what, where:** fours, foot, ground This is a sentence of the lesson «Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vampire bats, most bats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson:14 # text = Vampire bats can walk, run and hop on all fours, creeping up on a sleeping animal on foot, while most bats are clumsy on the ground. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Vampire vampire NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 bats bat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 walk walk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 run run VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 hop hop VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 9 on on ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 11 det _ _ 11 fours four NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 creeping creep VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 advcl _ _ 14 up up ADP RP _ 13 compound:prt _ _ 15 on on ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 sleeping sleep VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 18 amod _ _ 18 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 19 on on ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 foot foot NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 22 while while SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ _ 23 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 24 amod _ _ 24 bats bat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 25 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 cop _ _ 26 clumsy clumsy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 advcl _ _ 27 on on ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **walk** | can | Vampire bats | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **run** | infinitive | Vampire bats *not said here* | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **hop** | infinitive | Vampire bats *not said here* | | | all fours | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on four=Trajectory | | 4 | **creep up** | gerund | Vampire bats *not said here* | | | foot | | on a sleeping animal | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on animal=Trajectory | | 5 | **sleep** | gerund | | | | | | | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **is** | present | most bats | | | the ground | | clumsy *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampi…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/13/) - next →: [Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampi…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/)