--- title: Wild bananas, durians and agave plants are pollinated by bats; bat f… — Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, t… · tree and pragmatics description: Wild bananas, durians and agave plants are pollinated by bats; bat flowers are pale, strong-smelling and open at night, and one small nectar bat has a tongue about one and a half times as long as its body. Who acts: bats, bat flowers, one small nectar bat. A sentence of the lesson «Bats of the world --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampi…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/) / 18 # Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers, sentence 18 Wild bananas, durians and agave plants are pollinated by bats; bat flowers are pale, strong-smelling and open at night, and one small nectar bat has a tongue about one and a half times as long as its body. **Who acts:** bats, bat flowers, one small nectar bat · **What happens:** pollinate, be, smell, have · **To what, where:** Wild bananas, tongue This is a sentence of the lesson «Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bats, bat flowers, one small nectar bat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson:18 # text = Wild bananas, durians and agave plants are pollinated by bats; bat flowers are pale, strong-smelling and open at night, and one small nectar bat has a tongue about one and a half times as long as its body. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 bananas banana NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 4 durians durian NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 6 agave agave NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 8 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux:pass _ _ 9 pollinated pollinate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 10 by by ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 bats bat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 bat bat NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 flowers flower NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 15 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 16 pale pale ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:conj 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 strong strong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 19 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 20 punct _ _ 20 smelling smell VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 16 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=16:conj|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 open open ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 conj _ _ 23 at at ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 27 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 30 nummod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=31:nsubj 28 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 29 nectar nectar NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 compound _ _ 30 bat bat NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=27:appos 31 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 tongue tongue NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 34 about about ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=35:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 35 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 33 nmod _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 38 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=39:det 38 half half NOUN NN Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac 39 compound _ _ 39 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 conj _ _ 40 as as ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 41 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 42 as as ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ _ 44 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obl _ _ 45 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **pollinate** | present · passive | bats | Wild bananas and durians and agave plants | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | present | bat flowers | | | | | pale *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **smell** | gerund | bat flowers *not said here* | | | | | | vn smell\_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **be** | | bat flowers *not said here* | | | | night | | tree rules | | 5 | **have** | present | one small nectar bat | a tongue one and half times | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tongue=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampi…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/17/) - next →: [Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/)