--- title: Flying foxes roost together by day in noisy camps of thousands, wher… — Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, t… · tree and pragmatics description: Flying foxes roost together by day in noisy camps of thousands, where many eyes watch for danger; in heatwaves many can die, and trained volunteers try to help them. Who acts: Flying foxes, many eyes, many, trained volunteers. A sentence of the lesson «Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampi…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/) / 8 # Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers, sentence 8 Flying foxes roost together by day in noisy camps of thousands, where many eyes watch for danger; in heatwaves many can die, and trained volunteers try to help them. **Who acts:** Flying foxes, many eyes, many, trained volunteers · **What happens:** fly, roost, watch, die, train, try · **To what, where:** noisy camps, foxes This is a sentence of the lesson «Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Flying foxes, many eyes, many, trained volunteers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson:8 # text = Flying foxes roost together by day in noisy camps of thousands, where many eyes watch for danger; in heatwaves many can die, and trained volunteers try to help them. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×5, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Flying fly VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 2 foxes fox NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 roost roost VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 together together ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=1:advmod 5 by by ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=1:obl 7 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 noisy noisy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 camps camp NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=1:obl 10 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 16 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:advmod 14 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 16 watch watch VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:acl:relcl 17 for for ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 danger danger NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 heatwaves heatwave NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl _ _ 22 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 nsubj _ _ 23 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 24 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 parataxis _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=3:punct 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 27 trained train VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 28 amod _ _ 28 volunteers volunteer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ _ 29 try try VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 30 to to PART TO _ 31 mark _ _ 31 help help VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 xcomp _ _ 32 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obj _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=27:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fly** | gerund | | | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **roost** | present | Flying foxes | | | noisy camps of thousands | day | together *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in camp=Location | | 3 | **watch** | present | many eyes | | | | | for danger | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent for danger=Theme | | 4 | **die** | can | many | | | | | in heatwaves | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in heatwave=Attribute | | 5 | **train** | participle | | | | | | | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **try** | present | trained volunteers | | | | | | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 7 | **help** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | trained volunteers *not said here* | foxes *= fox* | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×5, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampi…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/7/) - next →: [Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampi…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/)