--- title: The greater horseshoe bat has a nose leaf shaped like a horseshoe th… — Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxe… · tree and pragmatics description: The greater horseshoe bat has a nose leaf shaped like a horseshoe that beams out its calls; some bats call through their noses and others through open mouths. Who acts: greater horseshoe bat, horseshoe, bats, bat. A sentence of the lesson «Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why ne --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/) / 17 # Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up, sentence 17 The greater horseshoe bat has a nose leaf shaped like a horseshoe that beams out its calls; some bats call through their noses and others through open mouths. **Who acts:** greater horseshoe bat, horseshoe, bats, bat · **What happens:** have, shape, beam out, call · **To what, where:** nose leaf, calls, noses · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (greater horseshoe bat, horseshoe, bats, bat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up.lesson:17 # text = The greater horseshoe bat has a nose leaf shaped like a horseshoe that beams out its calls; some bats call through their noses and others through open mouths. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 2 greater great ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 4 amod _ _ 3 horseshoe horseshoe NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 bat bat NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 nose nose NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 8 leaf leaf NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 9 shaped shape VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 acl _ _ 10 like like ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 horseshoe horseshoe NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 13 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 14 nsubj _ _ 14 beams beam VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 acl:relcl _ _ 15 out out ADP RP _ 14 compound:prt _ _ 16 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 calls call NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 20 det _ _ 20 bats bat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 21 call call VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 22 through through ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ _ 24 noses nose NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obl _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 conj _ _ 27 through through ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 open open ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 mouths mouth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nmod _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | the greater horseshoe bat | a nose leaf | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient | | 2 | **shape** | participle | | a nose leaf *not said here* | | | | like a horseshoe | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | | 3 | **beam out** | present | a horseshoe | bat's calls | | | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent call=Theme | | 4 | **call** | present | some bats | | | calls's noses and others through open mouths | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **call** | | bat | | | | | | nom call «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/15/) - next →: [Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/)