--- title: They hunt by sound, shouting clicks too high for us to hear and list… — Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxe… · tree and pragmatics description: They hunt by sound, shouting clicks too high for us to hear and listening for the echoes; a bat detector turns those clicks into sounds we can hear. Who acts: kinds, us, bat detector, we. A sentence of the lesson «Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up» of the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/) / 3 # Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up, sentence 3 They hunt by sound, shouting clicks too high for us to hear and listening for the echoes; a bat detector turns those clicks into sounds we can hear. **Who acts:** kinds, us, bat detector, we · **What happens:** hunt, shout, hear, listen, turn · **To what, where:** clicks, sounds This is a sentence of the lesson «Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kinds, us, bat detector, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up.lesson:3 # text = They hunt by sound, shouting clicks too high for us to hear and listening for the echoes; a bat detector turns those clicks into sounds we can hear. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 hunt hunt VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 by by ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 sound sound NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 shouting shout VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 7 clicks click NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ _ 8 too too ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 9 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 10 for for SCONJ IN _ 13 mark _ _ 11 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 hear hear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 advcl _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 15 listening listen VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 conj _ _ 16 for for ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 echoes echo NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 20 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 21 bat bat NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 22 detector detector NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 23 turns turn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 24 those that DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 25 det _ _ 25 clicks click NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ _ 26 into into ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obl _ _ 28 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 29 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 hear hear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 acl:relcl _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hunt** | present | kinds *= kind* | | | | | by sound | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent by sound=Location | | 2 | **shout** *speech: express* | gerund | kinds *= kind* *not said here* | clicks | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent click=Topic | | 3 | **hear** | to-infinitive | us | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | | 4 | **listen** | gerund | kinds *= kind* *not said here* | | | | | for the echoes | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for echo=Theme | | 5 | **turn** | present | a bat detector | that clicks | | sounds | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent click=Theme into sound=Trajectory | | 6 | **hear** | can | we | sounds *not said here* | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/2/) - next →: [Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/)