--- title: Each front tooth is hard enamel at the front and softer at the back,… — Rodents: the biggest group of mammals and their… · tree and pragmatics description: Each front tooth is hard enamel at the front and softer at the back, so gnawing wears the back faster and keeps a sharp chisel edge, like a knife that sharpens itself. Who acts: front tooth, knife. A sentence of the lesson «Rodents: the biggest group of mammals and their ever-growing teeth» of the b --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Rodents: the biggest group of mammals…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth/) / 3 # Rodents: the biggest group of mammals and their ever-growing teeth, sentence 3 Each front tooth is hard enamel at the front and softer at the back, so gnawing wears the back faster and keeps a sharp chisel edge, like a knife that sharpens itself. **Who acts:** front tooth, knife · **What happens:** be, gnaw, wear, keep, sharpen · **To what, where:** hard enamel, front, back, sharp chisel edge, edge This is a sentence of the lesson «Rodents: the biggest group of mammals and their ever-growing teeth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (front tooth, knife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth.lesson:3 # text = Each front tooth is hard enamel at the front and softer at the back, so gnawing wears the back faster and keeps a sharp chisel edge, like a knife that sharpens itself. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Each each DET DT PronType=Tot 3 det _ _ 2 front front ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 tooth tooth NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 5 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 enamel enamel NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 7 at at ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 front front NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 softer soft ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 9 conj _ _ 12 at at ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 so so ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 17 gnawing gnaw VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 18 nsubj _ _ 18 wears wear VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 faster fast ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 18 advmod _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 keeps keep VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:conj 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 25 sharp sharp ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 26 chisel chisel NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 compound _ _ 27 edge edge NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 29 like like ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 knife knife NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nmod _ _ 32 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 33 nsubj _ _ 33 sharpens sharpen VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 acl:relcl _ _ 34 itself itself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 33 obj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | each front tooth | hard enamel | | the front | | | tree rules | | 2 | **gnaw** | gerund | | | | | | | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **wear** | present | | the back | | | | fast *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent back=Source | | 4 | **keep** | present | | a sharp chisel edge | | | | like a knife | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent edge=Theme | | 5 | **sharpen** | present | a knife | edge | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent itself=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rodents: the biggest group of mammals…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth/2/) - next →: [Rodents: the biggest group of mammals…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth/)