--- title: The American and the African and Asian porcupines are only distant r… — Rodents of every kind: squirrels, marmots, prair… · tree and pragmatics description: The American and the African and Asian porcupines are only distant relatives, and many scientists think they grew quills separately. Who acts: American, many scientists, Porcupines. A sentence of the lesson «Rodents of every kind: squirrels, marmots, prairie dogs, porcupines, chinchillas and dormice --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/317-rodents-of-every-kind-squirrels-marmots-prairie-dogs-porcupines-chinchillas-and-dormice/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Rodents of every kind: squirrels, marm…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/317-rodents-of-every-kind-squirrels-marmots-prairie-dogs-porcupines-chinchillas-and-dormice/) / 14 # Rodents of every kind: squirrels, marmots, prairie dogs, porcupines, chinchillas and dormice, sentence 14 The American and the African and Asian porcupines are only distant relatives, and many scientists think they grew quills separately. **Who acts:** American, many scientists, Porcupines · **What happens:** be, think, grow · **To what, where:** distant relatives, quills · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Rodents of every kind: squirrels, marmots, prairie dogs, porcupines, chinchillas and dormice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (American, many scientists, Porcupines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:317-rodents-of-every-kind-squirrels-marmots-prairie-dogs-porcupines-chinchillas-and-dormice.lesson:14 # text = The American and the African and Asian porcupines are only distant relatives, and many scientists think they grew quills separately. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 317-rodents-of-every-kind-squirrels-marmots-prairie-dogs-porcupines-chinchillas-and-dormice.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R2-punct-next ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 American American ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 nsubj _ _ 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=2:cc 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 5 African African ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 Asian Asian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 conj _ _ 8 porcupines porcupine NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 9 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 10 only only ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 11 distant distant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 relatives relative NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=12:punct 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 15 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 17 think think VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 18 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 grew grow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 ccomp _ _ 20 quills quill NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 21 separately separately ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 22 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the American and the African porcupines | distant relatives | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **think** *speech: other* | present | many scientists | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **grow** | past | Porcupines *= porcupine* | quills | | | | separately *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location quill=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:317-rodents-of-every-kind-squirrels-marmots-prairie-dogs-porcupines-chinchillas-and-dormice.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R2-punct-next ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rodents of every kind: squirrels, marm…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/317-rodents-of-every-kind-squirrels-marmots-prairie-dogs-porcupines-chinchillas-and-dormice/13/) - next →: [Rodents of every kind: squirrels, marm…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/317-rodents-of-every-kind-squirrels-marmots-prairie-dogs-porcupines-chinchillas-and-dormice/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/317-rodents-of-every-kind-squirrels-marmots-prairie-dogs-porcupines-chinchillas-and-dormice/)