--- title: Deer: antlers that fall off and grow again; red deer, roe deer, moose, muntjac and water deer — a lesson of Mova's school · trees and pragmatics description: «Deer: antlers that fall off and grow again; red deer, roe deer, moose, muntjac and water deer», a lesson of the biology course of Mova's primary school, sentence by sentence with dependency trees and pragmatics. It begins: Imagine growing a pair of bony branches on your head every summer, fighting --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / Deer: antlers that fall off and grow a… # Deer: antlers that fall off and grow again; red deer, roe deer, moose, muntjac and water deer Lesson 318 of the biology course of Mova's primary school: 20 sentences, each with its syntax tree and pragmatics. The lessons are written for Mova, and their agreed trees are part of Mova corpus 0.4 (CC BY-SA 4.0). How Mova does on its tests: [the lesson at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/). - [0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/0/) — Imagine growing a pair of bony branches on your head every summer, fighting with them in autumn and dropping them in winter. - [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/1/) — That is what a stag does with its antlers, every single year. - [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/2/) — Antlers are pure bone and among the fastest-growing bone of any mammal. - [3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/3/) — While they grow they are covered in soft furry velvet full of blood; then the velvet dries and the deer rubs it off on trees. - [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/4/) — Horns are different: a cow or goat keeps its horns for life, a bone core inside a cover of keratin. - [5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/5/) — So deer have antlers, not horns. - [6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/6/) — Deer come in all sizes, from the moose, taller than a grown man at the shoulder, to the little muntjac that barks like a dog in English woods at night. - [7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/7/) — Deer antlers fall off every year and grow back; they are bone and can grow over 2 centimetres a day in big deer, and fallen antlers are often gnawed by mice and squirrels for their minerals. - [8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/8/) — Growing antlers are covered in velvet, a skin full of blood vessels; when the antlers are fully grown the velvet dries and the deer rubs it off on trees, and scientists study antlers to learn how bone can regrow fast. - [9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/9/) — Horns, like those of cows and goats, have a bone core covered with keratin and stay for life; the pronghorn of America sheds the outer cover of its horns every year, a bit of both. - [10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/10/) — Each tip of an antler is called a point or tine; a big red deer stag can have twelve or more, and hunters called a twelve-pointer a royal, but points do not show a stag's exact age. - [11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/11/) — In the autumn rut, red deer stags roar, walk side by side and sometimes lock antlers; roaring and walking show strength without a real fight, and the red deer is the biggest wild land mammal in Britain. - [12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/12/) — Roe deer are small, about 70 centimetres at the shoulder, with a white rump; when alarmed they bark like a dog, and their spotted babies lie still alone in the grass while the mother feeds nearby. - [13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/13/) — The moose, called elk in Europe, is the biggest deer, up to about 2 metres at the shoulder; it dives for water plants, can close its nostrils under water, and a bull's antlers can be about 1.8 metres across. - [14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/14/) — Crashes with moose are dangerous because long legs put the heavy body at windscreen height; car makers in Sweden test cars with a sharp swerve called the moose test. - [15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/15/) — The muntjac, a small deer from China, escaped from parks into the English countryside about a hundred years ago; males have short antlers and long tusk-like teeth, it barks, and it can breed at any time of year. - [16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/16/) — The Chinese water deer has no antlers at all; males have long fangs instead, and it lives in reed beds and wet fields. - [17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/17/) — The Chinese water deer is threatened in China, but escaped water deer spread in England, which now holds a big share of the world's population, reported. - [18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/18/) — Six kinds of deer live wild in Britain: red, roe, fallow, sika, muntjac and Chinese water deer; only red and roe are native, the other four were brought by people. - [19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/19/) — Reindeer are the only deer in which both males and females grow antlers; males drop theirs in early winter, while females keep theirs through the winter. - ← previous: [Rodents of every kind: squirrels, marmots, prairie dogs, porcupines, chinchillas and dormice](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/317-rodents-of-every-kind-squirrels-marmots-prairie-dogs-porcupines-chinchillas-and-dormice/) - next →: [Bears by kind: the eight bears of the world](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world/) - ↑ back to [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/)